From the micro to the macro to improve health: microorganism ecology and society in teaching infectious disease epidemiology.
Journal
The Lancet. Infectious diseases
ISSN: 1474-4457
Titre abrégé: Lancet Infect Dis
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101130150
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
06 2020
06 2020
Historique:
received:
06
06
2019
revised:
14
02
2020
accepted:
18
02
2020
pubmed:
11
5
2020
medline:
28
8
2020
entrez:
11
5
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Chronic and emerging infectious diseases and antimicrobial resistance remain a substantial global health threat. Microbiota are increasingly recognised to play an important role in health. Infections also have a profound effect beyond health, especially on global and local economies. To maximise health improvements, the field of infectious disease epidemiology needs to derive learning from ecology and traditional epidemiology. New methodologies and tools are transforming understanding of these systems, from a better understanding of socioeconomic, environmental, and cultural drivers of infection, to improved methods to detect microorganisms, describe the immunome, and understand the role of human microbiota. However, exploiting the potential of novel methods to improve global health remains elusive. We argue that to exploit these advances a shift is required in the teaching of infectious disease epidemiology to ensure that students are well versed in a breadth of disciplines, while maintaining core epidemiological skills. We discuss the following key points using a series of teaching vignettes: (1) integrated training in classic and novel techniques is needed to develop future scientists and professionals who can work from the micro (interactions between pathogens, their cohabiting microbiota, and the host at a molecular and cellular level), with the meso (the affected communities), and to the macro (wider contextual drivers of disease); (2) teach students to use a team-science multidisciplinary approach to effectively integrate biological, clinical, epidemiological, and social tools into public health; and (3) develop the intellectual skills to critically engage with emerging technologies and resolve evolving ethical dilemmas. Finally, students should appreciate that the voices of communities affected by infection need to be kept at the heart of their work.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32386611
pii: S1473-3099(20)30136-5
doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30136-5
pmc: PMC7252039
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
e142-e147Subventions
Organisme : Wellcome Trust
ID : 082384/Z/07/Z
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : NHLBI NIH HHS
ID : R01 HL131049
Pays : United States
Organisme : Wellcome Trust
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : Department of Health
ID : NF-SI-0616-10037
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : R01 MH114560
Pays : United States
Organisme : Wellcome Trust
ID : 210479/Z/18/Z
Pays : United Kingdom
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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