Advances in the molecular classification of pediatric brain tumors: a guide to the galaxy.
Age of Onset
Biomarkers, Tumor
/ genetics
Brain Neoplasms
/ classification
Cerebellar Neoplasms
/ classification
Ependymoma
/ classification
Genetic Predisposition to Disease
Glioma
/ classification
Humans
Medulloblastoma
/ classification
Neoplasm Grading
Phenotype
Rhabdoid Tumor
/ classification
Teratoma
/ classification
atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (ATRT)
ependymoma
high-grade glioma
low-grade glioma
medulloblastoma
primitive neuro-ectodermal tumor (PNET)
Journal
The Journal of pathology
ISSN: 1096-9896
Titre abrégé: J Pathol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 0204634
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
07 2020
07 2020
Historique:
received:
03
02
2020
revised:
31
03
2020
accepted:
04
05
2020
pubmed:
12
5
2020
medline:
18
11
2020
entrez:
12
5
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Central nervous system (CNS) tumors are the most common solid tumor in pediatrics, accounting for approximately 25% of all childhood cancers, and the second most common pediatric malignancy after leukemia. CNS tumors can be associated with significant morbidity, even those classified as low grade. Mortality from CNS tumors is disproportionately high compared to other childhood malignancies, although surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy have improved outcomes in these patients over the last few decades. Current therapeutic strategies lead to a high risk of side effects, especially in young children. Pediatric brain tumor survivors have unique sequelae compared to age-matched patients who survived other malignancies. They are at greater risk of significant impairment in cognitive, neurological, endocrine, social, and emotional domains, depending on the location and type of the CNS tumor. Next-generation genomics have shed light on the broad molecular heterogeneity of pediatric brain tumors and have identified important genes and signaling pathways that serve to drive tumor proliferation. This insight has impacted the research field by providing potential therapeutic targets for these diseases. In this review, we highlight recent progress in understanding the molecular basis of common pediatric brain tumors, specifically low-grade glioma, high-grade glioma, ependymoma, embryonal tumors, and atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (ATRT). © 2020 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Substances chimiques
Biomarkers, Tumor
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
249-261Subventions
Organisme : CIHR
Pays : Canada
Informations de copyright
© 2020 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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