Where do we Stand after Decades of Studying Human Cytomegalovirus?
antiviral therapy
genetic variability
human cytomegalovirus
pathogenesis
viral dissemination
Journal
Microorganisms
ISSN: 2076-2607
Titre abrégé: Microorganisms
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101625893
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
08 May 2020
08 May 2020
Historique:
received:
19
03
2020
revised:
27
04
2020
accepted:
05
05
2020
entrez:
14
5
2020
pubmed:
14
5
2020
medline:
14
5
2020
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), a linear double-stranded DNA betaherpesvirus belonging to the family of Herpesviridae, is characterized by widespread seroprevalence, ranging between 56% and 94%, strictly dependent on the socioeconomic background of the country being considered. Typically, HCMV causes asymptomatic infection in the immunocompetent population, while in immunocompromised individuals or when transmitted vertically from the mother to the fetus it leads to systemic disease with severe complications and high mortality rate. Following primary infection, HCMV establishes a state of latency primarily in myeloid cells, from which it can be reactivated by various inflammatory stimuli. Several studies have shown that HCMV, despite being a DNA virus, is highly prone to genetic variability that strongly influences its replication and dissemination rates as well as cellular tropism. In this scenario, the few currently available drugs for the treatment of HCMV infections are characterized by high toxicity, poor oral bioavailability, and emerging resistance. Here, we review past and current literature that has greatly advanced our understanding of the biology and genetics of HCMV, stressing the urgent need for innovative and safe anti-HCMV therapies and effective vaccines to treat and prevent HCMV infections, particularly in vulnerable populations.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32397070
pii: microorganisms8050685
doi: 10.3390/microorganisms8050685
pmc: PMC7284540
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Subventions
Organisme : Università degli Studi di Torino
ID : RILO1901
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