Human milk composition differs by maternal BMI in the first 9 months postpartum.
C-reactive protein
energy
human milk
insulin
leptin
macronutrients
obesity
Journal
The American journal of clinical nutrition
ISSN: 1938-3207
Titre abrégé: Am J Clin Nutr
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0376027
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 09 2020
01 09 2020
Historique:
received:
17
11
2019
accepted:
16
04
2020
pubmed:
14
5
2020
medline:
26
9
2020
entrez:
14
5
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Studies indicate that maternal weight status modulates human milk composition; however, results are conflicting. Our objective was to examine the relation between maternal body composition and human milk macronutrients and bioactive components and also their association with infant daily intakes and body composition. Human milk samples were obtained from a longitudinal study (NCT01131117) in normal weight (NW: 18.5-24.9 kg/m2, n = 88) and overweight/obese (OW: 25-35 kg/m2, n = 86) women between 0.5 and 9 mo postpartum. Macronutrient content was estimated using mid-infrared spectroscopy. Leptin, insulin, and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured using electrochemiluminescence immunoassays. Infant body composition was obtained using quantitative MRI. Linear mixed models were adjusted for postpartum age and infant sex. Human milk in OW mothers was higher in fat and protein and lower in carbohydrate content at some time points compared with that in NW mothers. Human milk leptin, insulin, and CRP concentrations were higher in OW mothers compared with NW mothers, with infants of OW mothers exposed to 1.5-2.5 times higher concentrations of leptin and insulin compared with infants of NW mothers. Similar results were observed when concentrations were normalized to infant daily intake and body weight. The effect sizes of infant daily intakes associated with infant growth parameters were small for macronutrients [0.005-0.05 z-score units and 0.02-0.45 fat mass index (FMI) or fat-free mass index units per unit of change in composition, P < 0.05]. Larger effect sizes were seen with human milk insulin and leptin (0.24 z-score units and 0.37-1.15 FMI units per unit of change in composition, P < 0.05). These findings demonstrate that infants of OW mothers are exposed to higher concentrations of insulin, leptin, and, to a lesser extent, CRP. The bioavailability of these 3 human milk bioactives and their mechanisms of action in the infant are unclear.This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01131117.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Studies indicate that maternal weight status modulates human milk composition; however, results are conflicting.
OBJECTIVES
Our objective was to examine the relation between maternal body composition and human milk macronutrients and bioactive components and also their association with infant daily intakes and body composition.
METHODS
Human milk samples were obtained from a longitudinal study (NCT01131117) in normal weight (NW: 18.5-24.9 kg/m2, n = 88) and overweight/obese (OW: 25-35 kg/m2, n = 86) women between 0.5 and 9 mo postpartum. Macronutrient content was estimated using mid-infrared spectroscopy. Leptin, insulin, and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured using electrochemiluminescence immunoassays. Infant body composition was obtained using quantitative MRI. Linear mixed models were adjusted for postpartum age and infant sex.
RESULTS
Human milk in OW mothers was higher in fat and protein and lower in carbohydrate content at some time points compared with that in NW mothers. Human milk leptin, insulin, and CRP concentrations were higher in OW mothers compared with NW mothers, with infants of OW mothers exposed to 1.5-2.5 times higher concentrations of leptin and insulin compared with infants of NW mothers. Similar results were observed when concentrations were normalized to infant daily intake and body weight. The effect sizes of infant daily intakes associated with infant growth parameters were small for macronutrients [0.005-0.05 z-score units and 0.02-0.45 fat mass index (FMI) or fat-free mass index units per unit of change in composition, P < 0.05]. Larger effect sizes were seen with human milk insulin and leptin (0.24 z-score units and 0.37-1.15 FMI units per unit of change in composition, P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
These findings demonstrate that infants of OW mothers are exposed to higher concentrations of insulin, leptin, and, to a lesser extent, CRP. The bioavailability of these 3 human milk bioactives and their mechanisms of action in the infant are unclear.This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01131117.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32401302
pii: S0002-9165(22)00827-9
doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa098
pmc: PMC7458771
doi:
Banques de données
ClinicalTrials.gov
['NCT01131117']
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
548-557Subventions
Organisme : NIDDK NIH HHS
ID : R01 DK107516
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
Copyright © The Author(s) on behalf of the American Society for Nutrition 2020.
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