Artificial Intelligence and Health Technology Assessment: Anticipating a New Level of Complexity.
artificial intelligence
eHealth
health care
health services
health technology assessment
medical device
patient
Journal
Journal of medical Internet research
ISSN: 1438-8871
Titre abrégé: J Med Internet Res
Pays: Canada
ID NLM: 100959882
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
07 07 2020
07 07 2020
Historique:
received:
11
01
2020
accepted:
13
05
2020
revised:
25
04
2020
pubmed:
15
5
2020
medline:
9
1
2021
entrez:
15
5
2020
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Artificial intelligence (AI) is seen as a strategic lever to improve access, quality, and efficiency of care and services and to build learning and value-based health systems. Many studies have examined the technical performance of AI within an experimental context. These studies provide limited insights into the issues that its use in a real-world context of care and services raises. To help decision makers address these issues in a systemic and holistic manner, this viewpoint paper relies on the health technology assessment core model to contrast the expectations of the health sector toward the use of AI with the risks that should be mitigated for its responsible deployment. The analysis adopts the perspective of payers (ie, health system organizations and agencies) because of their central role in regulating, financing, and reimbursing novel technologies. This paper suggests that AI-based systems should be seen as a health system transformation lever, rather than a discrete set of technological devices. Their use could bring significant changes and impacts at several levels: technological, clinical, human and cognitive (patient and clinician), professional and organizational, economic, legal, and ethical. The assessment of AI's value proposition should thus go beyond technical performance and cost logic by performing a holistic analysis of its value in a real-world context of care and services. To guide AI development, generate knowledge, and draw lessons that can be translated into action, the right political, regulatory, organizational, clinical, and technological conditions for innovation should be created as a first step.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32406850
pii: v22i7e17707
doi: 10.2196/17707
pmc: PMC7380986
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
e17707Subventions
Organisme : CIHR
Pays : Canada
Informations de copyright
©Hassane Alami, Pascale Lehoux, Yannick Auclair, Michèle de Guise, Marie-Pierre Gagnon, James Shaw, Denis Roy, Richard Fleet, Mohamed Ali Ag Ahmed, Jean-Paul Fortin. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (http://www.jmir.org), 07.07.2020.
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