Multiple-Hit Hypothesis in Parkinson's Disease: LRRK2 and Inflammation.
IBD
LRRK2
Parkinson’s disease
inflammation
neuroinflammation
Journal
Frontiers in neuroscience
ISSN: 1662-4548
Titre abrégé: Front Neurosci
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101478481
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2020
2020
Historique:
received:
31
01
2020
accepted:
27
03
2020
entrez:
16
5
2020
pubmed:
16
5
2020
medline:
16
5
2020
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
The multiple hit hypothesis for Parkinson's disease (PD) suggests that an interaction between multiple (genetic and/or environmental) risk factors is needed to trigger the pathology. Leucine-Rich Repeat Kinase 2 (LRRK2) is an interesting protein to study in this context and is the focus of this review. More than 15 years of intensive research have identified several cellular pathways in which LRRK2 is involved, yet its exact physiological role or contribution to PD is not completely understood. Pathogenic mutations in LRRK2 are the most common genetic cause of PD but most likely require additional triggers to develop PD, as suggested by the reduced penetrance of the LRRK2 G2019S mutation. LRRK2 expression is high in immune cells such as monocytes, neutrophils, or dendritic cells, compared to neurons or glial cells and evidence for a role of LRRK2 in the immune system is emerging. This has led to the hypothesis that an inflammatory trigger is needed for pathogenic LRRK2 mutations to induce a PD phenotype. In this review, we will discuss the link between LRRK2 and inflammation and how this could play an active role in PD etiology.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32410948
doi: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00376
pmc: PMC7199384
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
376Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2020 Cabezudo, Baekelandt and Lobbestael.
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