Zoster patients on earth and astronauts in space share similar immunologic profiles.
Cytokine profiles
Latent virus
Spaceflight
T-cell function
Zoster
Journal
Life sciences in space research
ISSN: 2214-5532
Titre abrégé: Life Sci Space Res (Amst)
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 101632373
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
May 2020
May 2020
Historique:
received:
17
04
2019
revised:
25
09
2019
accepted:
09
10
2019
entrez:
17
5
2020
pubmed:
18
5
2020
medline:
20
1
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
On long-duration spaceflight, most astronauts experience persistent immune dysregulation and the reactivation of latent herpesviruses, including varicella zoster virus (VZV). To understand the clinical risk of these perturbations to astronauts, we paralleled the immunology and virology work-up of astronauts to otherwise healthy terrestrial persons with acute herpes zoster. Blood samples from 42 zoster patients - confirmed positive by PCR for VZV DNA in saliva (range from 100 to >285 million copies/mL) were analyzed for peripheral leukocyte distribution, T cell function, and plasma cytokine profiles via multi-parametric flow cytometry and multiplex bead-based immune-array assays. Patient findings were compared to normal value ranges specific for each assay that were defined in-house previously from healthy adult test subjects. Compared to the healthy adult ranges, the zoster patients possess (1) a higher proportion of constitutively activated T-cells, (2) a T-cell population skewed towards a more experienced maturation state, (3) depressed general T-cell function, and (4) a higher concentration of 20 of 22 measured plasma cytokines. The pattern of immune dysregulation in zoster patients is similar to that of astronauts during spaceflight who shed VZV DNA in their saliva. Because future deep space exploration missions will be of an unprecedented duration, prolonged immune depression and chronic viral reactivation threaten to manifest overt disease in exploration class astronauts.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
On long-duration spaceflight, most astronauts experience persistent immune dysregulation and the reactivation of latent herpesviruses, including varicella zoster virus (VZV). To understand the clinical risk of these perturbations to astronauts, we paralleled the immunology and virology work-up of astronauts to otherwise healthy terrestrial persons with acute herpes zoster.
METHODS
METHODS
Blood samples from 42 zoster patients - confirmed positive by PCR for VZV DNA in saliva (range from 100 to >285 million copies/mL) were analyzed for peripheral leukocyte distribution, T cell function, and plasma cytokine profiles via multi-parametric flow cytometry and multiplex bead-based immune-array assays. Patient findings were compared to normal value ranges specific for each assay that were defined in-house previously from healthy adult test subjects.
RESULTS
RESULTS
Compared to the healthy adult ranges, the zoster patients possess (1) a higher proportion of constitutively activated T-cells, (2) a T-cell population skewed towards a more experienced maturation state, (3) depressed general T-cell function, and (4) a higher concentration of 20 of 22 measured plasma cytokines.
DISCUSSION
CONCLUSIONS
The pattern of immune dysregulation in zoster patients is similar to that of astronauts during spaceflight who shed VZV DNA in their saliva. Because future deep space exploration missions will be of an unprecedented duration, prolonged immune depression and chronic viral reactivation threaten to manifest overt disease in exploration class astronauts.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32414485
pii: S2214-5524(19)30119-1
doi: 10.1016/j.lssr.2019.10.001
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Cytokines
0
DNA, Viral
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
119-128Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2019 The Committee on Space Research (COSPAR). All rights reserved.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Declaration of Competing Interest This work is completely original and has not been published elsewhere. Every author has reviewed the manuscript and has contributed to the work in a substantive and intellectual manner. Study procedures were approved by NASA Johnson Space Center's Institutional Review Board. No animals were used in the study, and all human subjects provided written informed consent. All funding information for the study has been disclosed in the “Acknowledgments” section, and there are no financial or other relationships regarding this article that may be perceived as leading to a conflict of interest.