Challenges facing drug utilization research in the Latin American region.

Latin America drug utilization drug utilization research pharmacoepidemiology

Journal

Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety
ISSN: 1099-1557
Titre abrégé: Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf
Pays: England
ID NLM: 9208369

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
11 2020
Historique:
received: 03 08 2019
revised: 20 12 2019
accepted: 03 02 2020
pubmed: 19 5 2020
medline: 28 10 2021
entrez: 19 5 2020
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

The International Society of Pharmacoepidemiology (ISPE) in collaboration with the Latin America Drug Utilization Research Group (LatAm DURG), the Medicines Utilization Research in Africa (MURIA) group, and the Uppsala Monitoring Center, is leading an initiative to understand challenges to drug utilization research (DUR) in the Latin American (LatAm) and African regions with the goal of communicating results and proposing solutions to these challenges in four scientific publications. The purpose of this first manuscript is to identify the main challenges associated with DUR in the LatAm region. Drug utilization (DU) researchers in the LatAm region voluntarily participated in multiple discussions, contributed with local data and reviewed successive drafts and the final manuscript. Additionally, we carried out a literature review to identify the most relevant publications related to DU studies from the LatAm region. Multiple challenges were identified in the LatAm region for DUR including socioeconomic inequality, access to medical care, complexity of the healthcare system, limited investment in research and development, limited institutional and organization resources, language barriers, limited health education and literacy. Further, there is limited use of local DUR data by decision makers particularly in the identification of emerging health needs coming from social and demographic transitions. The LatAm region faces challenges to DUR which are inherent in the healthcare and political systems, and potential solutions should target changes to the system.

Identifiants

pubmed: 32419226
doi: 10.1002/pds.4989
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Review

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

1353-1363

Informations de copyright

© 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Références

World Health Organization. Introduction to drug utilisation research, NLM classification WB 330. Oslo, Norway: World Health Organization; 2003. http://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/pdf/s4876e/s4876e.pdf. Accessed March, 2018.
World Health Organization. The pursuit of responsible use of medicines. Sharing and learning from country experiences. Technical Report prepared for the Ministers Summit. The benefits of responsible use of medicines: Setting policies for better and cost-effective health care; 2012. http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/75828/WHO_EMP_MAR_2012.3_eng.pdf;jsessionid=A7F8DE7B83D7B34F2816223604A8252A?sequence=1. Accessed March, 2018.
Elseviers M, Wettermark B, Almarsdóttir AB, et al. Drug Utilization Research: Methods and Applications. Oxford, UK: Wiley; 2016.
Wettermark B, Vlahovic-Palcevski V, Salvesen Blix H, Rønning M, Vander Stichele RH. Drug utilization research. In: Hartzema AG, Tilson HH, Chan KA, eds. Pharmacoepidemiology and Therapeutic Risk Assessment. 1st ed. Cincinnati, OH: Harwey Whitney Books; 2008:159-195.
Wettermark B. The intriguing future of pharmacoepidemiology. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2013;69(Suppl 1):43-51.
Dos Santos JB, Almeida AM, Acurcio FA, et al. Comparative effectiveness of adalimumab and etanercept for rheumatoid arthritis in the Brazilian Public Health System. J Comp Eff Res. 2016;5(6):539-549.
Godman B, Wettermark B, van Woerkom M, et al. Multiple policies to enhance prescribing efficiency for established medicines in Europe with a particular focus on demand-side measures: findings and future implications. Front Pharmacol. 2014;5:106.
Moon JC, Godman B, Petzold M, et al. Different initiatives across Europe to enhance losartan utilization post generics: impact and implications. Front Pharmacol. 2014;5:219.
Eriksson I, Wettermark B, Bergfeldt K. Real-world use and outcomes of Olaparib: a population-based cohort study. Target Oncol. 2018;13(6):725-733.
Gram LE, Hallas J, Andersen M. Pharmacovigilance based on prescription databases. Pharmacol Toxicol. 2000;86(Suppl 1):13-15.
Pratt N, Roughead E. Assessment of medication safety using only dispensing data. Curr Epidemiol Rep. 2018;5(4):357-369.
Wettermark B, Persson ME, Wilking N, et al. Forecasting drug utilization and expenditure in a metropolitan health region. BMC Health Serv Res. 2010;10:128.
Santa-Ana-Tellez Y, Mantel-Teeuwisse A, Leufkens H, Wirtz V. Seasonal variation in penicillin use in Mexico and Brazil: analysis of the impact of over-the-counter restrictions. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2015;59(1):105-110.
Kalungia AC, Burger J, Godman B, Costa JO, Simuwelu C. Non-prescription sale and dispensing of antibiotics in community pharmacies in Zambia. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2016;14(12):1215-1223.
Godman B, Haque M, McKimm J, Abu Bakar M, Sneddon J, Wale J, et al. Ongoing strategies to improve the management of upper respiratory tract infections and reduce inappropriate antibiotic use particularly among lower and middle-income countries: findings and implications for the future. Current Medical Research and Opinion. 2020;36(2):301-27.
Holloway K, van Dijk L. Rational use of medicines. Chapter in: The World Medicines Situation 2011, 3rd ed. Geneva, Switzerland, World Health Organization, 2011. http://who.int/medicines/areas/policy/world_medicines_situation/en/index.html or http://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/documents/s20054en/s20054en.pdf?ua=1. Accessed March, 2018.
Gomes RM, Guerra Junior AA, Lemos LL, et al. Ten-year kidney transplant survival of cyclosporine- or tacrolimus-treated patients in Brazil. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol. 2016;9(7):991-999.
Gattás VL, Braga PE, Koike ME, et al. Safety assessment of seasonal trivalent influenza vaccine produced by Instituto Butantan from 2013 to 2017. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo. 2018;61:e4. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1678-9946201961004.
Cameron A, Ewen M, Ross-Degnan D, Ball D, Laing R. Medicine prices, availability, and affordability in 36 developing and middle-income countries: a secondary analysis. Lancet. 2009;373(9659):240-249.
Katende-Kyenda NL, Lubbe MS, Serfontein JH, Truter I. Inappropriateness of antimicrobial prescription in private primary health care settings in South Africa. S Afr Med J. 2006;96(8):704-705.
Lee D. Drug utilization in Panama. J Clin Epidemiol. 1991;44:31S-38S.
Yamey G. What are the barriers to scaling up health interventions in low and middle income countries? A qualitative study of academic leaders in implementation science. Globalization and Health. 2012;8(1):11.
Dean L, Gregorius S, Bates I, Pulford J. Advancing the science of health research capacity strengthening in low-income and middle-income countries: a scoping review of the published literature, 2000-2016. BMJ Open. 2017;7(12):e018718.
Bigdeli M, Javadi D, Hoebert J, Laing R, Ranson K, The Alliance for Health Policy and Systems Research network of researchers on Access to Medicines. Health policy and systems research in access to medicines: a prioritized agenda for low- and middle-income countries. Health Res Policy Syst. 2013;11:37.
Faleta J, McDade S. R. A. United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in Latin America and the Caribbean. A partner for sustainable development. United Nations Report New York, NY; 2015.
Buschiazzo H, Chaves A, Figueras A, Laporte JR. Drug utilization in Latin America-the example of DURG-LA. Essent Drugs Monit. 2003;032:17-18.
Moscou K, Kohler JC, MaGahan A. Governance and pharmacovigilance in Brazil: a scoping review. J Pharm Policy Pract. 2016;9:3.
Drug Utilization Research Group, Latin America. Multicenter study on self-medication and self-prescription in six Latin American countries. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1997;61:488-493.
Massele A, Burger J, Kalemeera F, et al. Outcome of the second medicines utilisation research in Africa group meeting to promote sustainable and appropriate medicine use in Africa. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res. 2017;17(2):149-152.
Uppsala Monitoring Center. Welcome to Uppsala Monitoring Centre! https://www.who-umc.org/. Accessed March 2018.
World Health Organization. Collaborating centres. http://www.who.int/collaboratingcentres/en/. Accessed on March 2018.
United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. World population prospects: The 2017 revision, key findings and advance tables. ESA/P/WP/248. 2017. https://populationunorg/wpp/Publications/Files/WPP%202017_Key%20Findings%20pdf. Accessed March 1, 2018
Barreto SM, Miranda JJ, Figueroa JP, et al. Epidemiology in Latin America and the Caribbean: current situation and challenges. Int J Epidemiol. 2012;41(2):557-571.
United Nations Development Program. Regional Bureau for Latin America and the Caribbean; 2015, Published by the Bureau for Latin America and the Caribbean United Nations Development Programme. One United Nations Plaza, 22nd floor New York, NY 10017. http://www.latinamerica.undp.org/
Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo. Regional Human Development Report for Latin America and Caribbean 2010: acting on the future breaking the intergenerational transmission of inequality. In: San Jose´ CR, ed. San José, Costa Rica: Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo (PNUD) 1st ed.; 2010, p. 208.
Belizán JM, Cafferata ML, Belizán M, Althabe F. Health inequality in Latin America. Lancet. 2007;370:1599-1600.
Lopez H, Maloney W. Poverty Reduction and Growth-Virtuous and Vicious Circles. Washington, DC: The World Bank; 2006.
Montenegro RA, Stephens C. Indigenous health in Latin America and the Caribbean. Lancet. 2006;367:1859-1869.
United Nations Development Programme. Regional Human Development Report for Latin America and the Caribbean. Multidimensional progress: well-being. 2016. http://www.latinamerica.undp.org/content/rblac/en/home/library/human_development/informe-regional-sobre-desarrollo-humano-para-america-latina-y-e/. Accessed March 1, 2018
Comision Economica para America Latina y el Caribe. Poverty in Latin America. January 2019. https://www.cepal.org/en/pressreleases/poverty-latin-america-remained-steady-2017-extreme-poverty-increased-highest-level. Accessed April 1, 2019.
Gray Molina G, Abud MJ, Gomez Arteaga N, Gonzalez A, Ortiz-Juárez E, Sagredo J, Vasquez J. Human development report for Latin America and the Carribbean. Progreso multidimensional: bienestar más allá del ingreso. United Nations Development Programme. Human Development Reports. 2016. http://hdr.undp.org/en/content/human-development-report-latin-america-and-carribbean-2016. Accessed June 2017.
United Nations Development Program. Human development report for Latin America 2013-2014: citizen security with a human face. Evidence and Proposals for Latin America. http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/librarypage/hdr/human-development-report-for-latin-america-2013-2014.html. Accessed March 1, 2018
Briceno-Leon R, Villaveces A, Concha-Eastman A. Understanding the uneven distribution of the incidence of homicide in Latin America. Int J Epidemiol. 2008;37:751-757.
Briceno-Leon R, Zubillaga V. Violence and globalization in Latin America. Curr Sociol. 2002;50:19-37.
UNODC. Global study on homicide 2013. United Nations publication, Sales No. 14.IV.1. https://www.unodc.org/documents/data-and-analysis/statistics/GSH2013/2014_GLOBAL_HOMICIDE_BOOK_web.pdf. Accessed April 3, 2019.
Bhalla K, Harrison JE, Shahraz S, Fingerhut LA. Global burden of disease injury expert group. Availability and quality of cause-of-death data for estimating the global burden of injuries. Bull World Health Organ. 2010;88:831-38C.
Omran AR. The epidemiologic transition: a theory of the epidemiology of population change. Milbank Q. 2005;83(4):731-757.
Organizacion Panamericana de la Salud (OPS). Salud en las Americas. Panorama regional y perfiles del pais. Washington, DC, 2012. http://www.paho.org/salud-en-las-americas-2017/?p=1457. Accessed September 1, 2017
Rivera-Andrade A, Luna MA. Trends and heterogeneity of cardiovascular disease and risk factors across Latin American and Caribbean countries. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2014;57(3):276-285.
Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean. Mortality in Latin America: A favourable but Heterogeneous Trend. Santiago, Chile: UN ECLAC; 2007:27-43. http://www.cepal.org/publicaciones/xml/9/33269/od-4-mortalityinla.pdf. Accessed March 1, 2018
Gawryszewski VP, Souza MF. Mortality due to cardiovascular diseases in the Americas by region, 2000-2009. Sao Paulo Med J. 2014;132(2):105-110.
Ordunez P, Prieto-Lara E, Pinheiro Gawryszewski V, Hennis AJ, Cooper RS. Premature mortality from cardiovascular disease in the Americas-will the goal of a decline of "25% by 2025" be met? PLoS One. 2015;10(10):e0141685.
Organizacion Panamericana de la Salud (OPS). Documento base para el estudio del impacto de la exclusion de la atencion de salud sobre el acceso a medicamentos en Honduras, Guatemala y Nicaragua Washington, DCX, OPS; 2007.
Acunna C, Marin N, Mendoza A, et al. Determinantes sociales de la exclusion a los servicios de salud y a medicamentos en tres paises de America Central. Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2014;35(2):128-135.
Atun R, de Andrade LO, Almeida G, et al. Health-system reform and universal health coverage in Latin America. Lancet. 2015;385(9974):1230-1247.
Luiza, Lucia V, et al. Catastrophic expenditure on medicines in Brazil. Rev. Saúde Pública. 2016;50(2):15s.
Knaul FM, Wong R, Arreola-Ornelas H, Mendez O. Household catastrophic health expenditures: a comparative analysis of twelve Latin American and Caribbean countries. Salud Publica Mex. 2011;53(Suppl 2):s85-s95.
World Health Organization. The World Health Report-Health Systems Financing: The Path to Universal Coverage. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization, 2010. http://www.who.int/whr/2010/en/index.html. Accessed May 27, 2017.
Escobar M-L, Griffi n CC, Shaw RP, eds. The Impact of Health Insurance on Low- and Middle-Income Countries. Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution Press; 2011.
Canadian Institute for Health Information. National Health Expenditure Trends, 1975 to 2016. Ottawa, ON: CIHI; 2016.
Lu Y, Hernandez P, Abegunde D. The World Medicines Situation 2011: Medicine Expenditures. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO, 2011. http://www.who.int/health-accounts/documentation/world_medicine_situation.pdf. Accessed March 1, 2018.
Almeida C. Health systems reform and equity in Latin America and the Caribbean: lessons from the 1980s and 1990s. Cad Saude Publica. 2002;18:905-925.
Barbosa WB, Costa JO, de Lemos LLP, et al. Costs in the treatment of schizophrenia in adults receiving atypical antipsychotics: an 11-year cohort in Brazil. Appl Health Econ Health Policy. 2018;16(5):697-709.
Godoi IP, Da Silva LVD, Sarker AR, et al. Economic and epidemiological impact of dengue illness over 16 years from a public health system perspective in Brazil to inform future health policies including the adoption of a dengue vaccine. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2018;17(12):1123-1133.
Marra LP, Araujo VE, Oliveira GC, et al. The clinical effectiveness of insulin glargine in patients with type I diabetes in Brazil: findings and implications. J Comp Eff Res. 2017;6(6):519-527.
Maia Diniz I, Guerra AAJ, Lovato Pires de Lemos L, et al. The long-term costs for treating multiple sclerosis in a 16-year retrospective cohort study in Brazil. PloS One. 2018;13(6):e0199446.
Emmerick ICM, Luiza VL, Camacho LAB, Ross-Degnan D. Access to medicines for acute illness in middle income countries in Central America. Rev Saude Publica. 2013;47(6):1069-1079.
World Health Organization. World Health Organization Fact Sheet 275. Revised; February 2006. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs275/en/. Accessed June 2017.
Tadeg H, Berhane Y. Substandard and counterfeit antimicrobials: recent trends and implications to key public health interventions in developing countries. East Afr J Public Health. 2012;9(2):85-89.
World Health Organization. Growing threat from counterfeit medicines. Bull World Health Organ. 2010;88(4):241-320.
World Health Organization Fact Sheet 275. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs275/en/. Accessed March 2018.
Green MD. Antimalarial drug resistance and the importance of drug quality monitoring. J Postgrad Med. 2006;52:288-290.
Gautam CS, Utreja A, Singal GL. Spurious and counterfeit drugs: a growing industry in the developing world. Postgrad Med J. 2009;85(1003):251-256.
Anvisa, Resolution RDC 81/2008. http://portal.anvisa.gov.br/documents/10181/2718376/RDC_81_2008_COMP.pdf/096e030a-4cdb-4675-b930-72c41368a5bb. Accessed March 30, 2019.
Lopes HR, Carvalho MC. Medicamentos falsificados e contrabandeados no Brasil: panorama geral e perspectivas de combate ao seu consume. 2014. https://www.scielosp.org/article/csp/2014.v30n4/891-895/. Accessed March 30, 2019.
Almuzaini T1, Choonara I, Sammons H. Substandard and counterfeit medicines: a systematic review of the literature. BMJ Open. 2013;3(8):e002923.
Torloni MR, Gomes Freitas C, Kartoglu UH, Metin Gülmezoglu A, Widmer M. Quality of oxytocin available in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review of the literature. Bjog. 2016;123(13):2076-2086.
Dirección General de Medicamentos, Insumos y Drogas (DIGEMID), Centro Nacional de Control de Calidad del Instituto Nacional de Salud (CNCC-INS), Programa de Información y Calidad de Medicamentos de la Farmacopea de los Estados Unidos de América (USP DQI). Iniciativa de Enfermedades Infecciosas en América del Sur. Resumen del Segundo Estudio para Determinar la Calidad de Antimicrobianos y Antituberculosos Utilizados en la Red BEPECA de la Dirección de Salud Callao. Dirección de Salud Callao (DISA Callao). Junio; 2009. http://apps.usp.org/app/worldwide/medQualityDatabase/download.php?id=10. Accessed March 1, 2018
USAID-USP Promoting the Quality of Medicines (PQM) program. 2011. http://www.usp.org/global/global-activities/latin-americacaribbean/government-and-institutional-activities. Accessed March 1, 2018.
United States Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Counterfeit Drug Task Force Interim Report. Rockville, MD: U.S. Food and Drug Administration; 2003. www.fda.gov/oc/initiatives/counterfeit/report/interim_report.html. Accessed May, 2017.
Duarte-Raya F, Granados-Ramírez MP. Resistencia antimicrobiana de bacterias en un hospital de tercer nivel. Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc. 2012;50(3):289-300.
Kimball E. Latin America's growing pharma industry. 2013. Thomson Reuters. www.chemanager-online.com. Accessed May 2, 2017.
Salas M, Amato MJD, Martinez C-CS. Analysis of research studies during the regional meetings from the Mexican Social Security Institute. Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc. 1993;31(2):131-134.
Schmidt C, Clinical Research in Brazil-PLS 200/15. Proceedings from “Accelerating Clinical Research in Brazil” Seminar, May 15, 2017.
Dobrzanski W, Calmaggi A. Latin America: Challenges & Opportunities in Clinical Research. [Video online]. https://vimeo.com/161825657.
Drummond M, Augustovski F, Kalo Z, et al. Challenges faced in transferring economic evaluations to middle income countries. Int J Technol Assess Health Care. 2015;31(6):442-448.
Pichon-Riviere A, Augustovski F, Garcia Marti S, Sullivan SD, Drummond M. Transferability of health technology assessment reports in Latin America: an exploratory survey of researchers and decision makers. Int J Technol Assess Health Care. 2012;28(2):180-186.
Perez-Gomez A, Mejia-Trujillo J, Brown EC, Eisenberg N. Adaptation and implementation of a science-based prevention system in Colombia: challenges and achievements. J Community Psychol. 2016;44(4):538-545.
Homedes N1, Ugalde A, Forns JR. The World Bank, pharmaceutical policies, and health reforms in Latin America. Int J Health Serv 2005;35(4):691-717.
Arrais PSD, Fernandes MEP, Pizzol TSD, et al. Prevalence of self-medication in Brazil and associated factors. Rev. Saúde Pública. 2016;50(suppl.2):13s.
Baldoni AO, Ayres LR, Martinez EZ, et al. Pharmacoepidemiological profile and polypharmacy indicators in elderly outpatients. Braz J Pharm Sci. 2013;49:443-452.
Reis AMM, Figueras A. Analysis of the evidence of efficacy and safety of over-the-counter cough medications registered in Brazil. Braz J Pharm Sci. 2010;46:135-145.
Del Fiol FS, Lopes LC, Barberato-Filho S, Motta CC. Evaluation of the prescription and use of antibiotics in Brazilian children. Braz J Infect Dis. 2013;17(3):332-337.
Lopes LC, Silveira MS, Camargo IA, Barberato-Filho S, Del Fiol FS, Osorio-de-Castro CG. Biological drugs for the treatment of psoriasis in a public health system. Rev Saude Publica. 2014;48(4):651-661.
Ferreira TR, Lopes LC. Analysis of analgesic, antipyretic, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use in pediatric prescriptions. J Pediatra. 2016;92(1):81-87.
Machado-Alba JE, Calvo-Torres LF, Garcia-Betancur S, Aguirre-Novoa A, Banol-Giraldo AM. Drug utilisation study in patients receiving antiepileptic drugs in Colombia. Neurologia. 2016;31(2):89-96.
Villalobos AP, Barrero LI, Rivera SM, Ovalle MV, Valera D. Surveillance of healthcare associated infections, bacterial resistance and antibiotic consumption in high-complexity hospitals in Colombia, 2011. Biomedica. 2014;34(Suppl 1):67-80.
Rumman A, Candia R, Sam JJ, et al. Public versus private drug insurance and outcomes of patients requiring biologic therapies for inflammatory bowel disease. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017;2017:7365937.
Dominguez I, Rosales R, Cabello A, Bavestrello L, Labarca J. Evaluation of antimicrobial consumption en 15 Chilean hospitals: results of a collaborative work, 2013. Rev Chilena Infectol. 2016;33(3):307-312.
Zaidi M, Sifuentes-Osornio J, Rolón AL, et al. Inadequate therapy and antibiotic resistance. Risk factors for mortality in the intensive care unit. Arch Med Res. 2002;33(3):290-294.
Salas A, Aranda E. Antibiotic prescribing patterns as empirical therapy among hospitalized patients in a Bolivian paediatric teaching hospital. Acta Paediatr. 2007;96(10):1533-1535.
Velázquez-Meza ME, Aires de Sousa M, Echaniz-Avilez G, et al. Surveillance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a pediatric hospital in Mexico City during a 7-year period (1997 to 2003): clonal evolution and impact of infection control. J Clin Microbiol. 2004;42(8):3877-3880.
Salas M, Amancio O, Prado R, et al. Antiparasitic drugs in hospitalized patients. Revista de la Asociacion Mexicana de Farmacologia (AMEFAR).J Clin Microbiol. 1985;109:109-110.
Silva J, Gatica R, Aguilar C, et al. Outbreak of infection with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in a Mexican hospital. J Clin Microbiol. 2001;39(9):3193-3196.
Le Grand A, Hogerzeil HV, Haaijer-Ruskamp FM. Intervention research in rational use of drugs: a review. Health Policy Plan. 1999;14(2):89-102.
Cassoni TC, Corona LP, Romano-Lieber NS, Secoli SR, Duarte YA, Lebrão ML. Use of Potentially Inappropriate Medication by the Elderly in São Paulo, Brazil: SABE Study. Cad Saude Publica 2014;30(8):1708-20.
Machado-Alba JE, Moncada JC, Moreno-Gutiérrez PA. Medication errors in outpatient care in Colombia, 2005-2013. Biomedica. 2016;36(2):251-257.
Doubova Dubova SV, Reyes-Morales H, Torres-Arreola Ldel P, Suárez-Ortega M. Potential drug-drug and drug-disease interactions in prescriptions for ambulatory patients over 50 years of age in family medicine clinics in Mexico City. BMC Health Serv Res. 2007;19(7):147.
Lemos LLP, Guerra Junior AA, Santos M, et al. The assessment for disinvestment of intramuscular interferon Beta for relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis in Brazil. Pharmacoeconomics. 2018;36(2):161-173.
Leite SN, Vieira M, Veber AP. Drug utilization studies: a synthesis of articles published in Brazil and Latin America. Cien Saude Colet. 2008;13(Suppl):793-802.
Caires de Souza AL, de Assis AF, Guerra Junior AA, Rezende Macedo do Nascimento RC, Godman B, Diniz LM. Insulin glargine in a Brazilian state: should the government disinvest? An assessment based on a systematic review. Appl Health Econ Health Policy. 2014;12(1):19-32.
Diniz D, Machado TRC, Penalva J. A judicialização da saúde no Distrito Federal, Brasil. Ciência Saúde Coletiva. 2014;19:591-598.
Catanheide ID, Lisboa ES, Souza LEPF. Características da judicialização do acesso a medicamentos no Brasil: uma revisão sistemática. Physis Revista de Saúde Coletiva. 2016;26:1335-1356.
Barroso L. Da falta de efetividade a judicializacao excessive: direito a saude, fornecimento gratuito de medicamentos e parametros para a atuacao judicial. Revista Interesse Público, 2008. In: Jurisprudência Mineira. Belo Horizonte. 2009;60(188):29-60. http://bd.tjmg.jus.br/jspui/bitstream/tjmg/516/1/D3v1882009.pdf. Accessed March 1, 2018.
Assis Leitão LC, da S. Simões MO, Oliveira Simões AE, Costa Alves B, Carvalho Barbosa I, Barreto Pinto ME. Judicialização da saúde na garantia do acesso ao medicamento. Rev Saude Pública. 2014;16:360-370.
Reveiz L, Chapman E, Torres R, et al. Litigios por derecho a la salud en tres países de América Latina: revisión sistemática de la literatura. Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2013;33:213-222.
Menicucci T, Machado J. Judicialization of health policy in the definition of access to public goods: individual rights versus collective rights. Braz Polit Sci Rev. 2010;4(1):33-68.
Macedo EI, Lopes LC, Barberato-Filho S. Análise técnica para a tomada de decisão do fornecimento de medicamentos pela via judicial. Rev Saude Publica. 2011;45:706-713.
Lopes LC, Barberato-Filho S, Costa AC, Osorio-de-Castro CGS. Uso racional de medicamentos antineoplásicos e ações judiciais no Estado de São Paulo. Rev Saude Publica. 2010;44:620-628.
Vieira FS, Pepe VLE, Marques DC, Barberato-Filho S, Lopes LC. Assistência farmacêutica e ações judiciais: propostas para melhorar o acesso e o uso de medicamentos/Pharmaceutical services and judicial decisions: proposals to improve access and rational use of medicines. Rev adm saúde. 2010;12(47):672-683.
Pinzón-Flórez CE, Chapman E, Cubillos L, Reveiz L. Prioritization of strategies to approach the judicialization of health in Latin America and Caribean. Rev Salud Publica. 2016;50:56-70.
Franco-Giraldo Á. The latest reform of the Colombian healthcare-related social security system. Rev Salud Publica. 2012;14(5):865-877.
Laurell AC. Health reform in Mexico: the promotion of inequality. Int J Health Serv. 2001;31(2):291-321.
Roth-Deubel AN, Molina-Marín G. Public health stewardship and governance regarding the Colombian healthcare system, 2012-2013. Rev Salud Publica. 2013;15(1):44-55.
World Health Organization. Antimicrobial resistance. http://www.who.int/whr/1996/media_centre/executive_summary1/en/index5.html and http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs194/en/. Accessed on March 2018.
Andrade SS, Sader HS, Jones RN, Pereira AS, Pignatari AC, Gales AC. Increased resistance to first-line agents among bacterial pathogens isolated from urinary tract infections in Latin America: time for local guidelines? Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2006;101(7):741-748.
Mendes C, Marin ME, Quiñones F, et al. Antibacterial resistance of community-acquired respiratory tract pathogens recovered from patients in Latin America: results from the PROTEKT surveillance study (1999-2000). Braz J Infect Dis. 2003;7(1):44-61.
World Health Organization. WHO model lists of essential medicines. http://www.who.int/medicines/publications/essentialmedicines/en/. Accessed December 2017
World Health Organization. National Essential Medicines Lists (NEMLs) repository. 2017. http://appswhoint/medicinedocs/static/PublicSubcollections/National-Essential-Medicines-Lists-NEMLs-Repository/indexhtml. Accessed March 1, 2018.
World Health Organization. Progress of WHO member states in developing national drug policies and in revising essential drug lists. WHO/DAP/98.7. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO Action Programme on Essential Drugs; 1998.
Yamauti SM, Bonfim JRA, Barberato-Filho S, Lopes LC. Essencialidade e racionalidade da relação nacional de medicamentos essenciais do Brasil. Cien Saude Colet. 2017;22:975-986.
Magarinos-Torres R, Esher Â, Caetano R, Pepe VLE, Osorio-de-Castro CGS. Adesão às listas de medicamentos essenciais por médicos brasileiros em atuação no sistema único de saúde. Rev Bras Educ Med. 2014;38:323-330.
Coelho HLL, Rey LC, Medeiros MSG, Barbosa RA, Fonseca SGC, Costa PQ. Uma comparação crítica entre a Lista de Medicamentos Essenciais para Crianças da Organização Mundial de Saúde e a Relação Nacional de Medicamentos Essenciais (Rename). J Pediatr. 2013;89:171-178.
Yamauti SM, Barberato-Filho S, Lopes LC. Elenco de medicamentos do Programa Farmácia Popular do Brasil e a Política de Nacional Assistência Farmacêutica. Cad Saude Publica. 2015;31:1648-1662.
Fulone I, Barberato-Filho S, dos Santos MF, Rossi Cde L, Guyatt G, Lopes LC. Essential psychiatric medicines: wrong selection, high consumption and social problems. BMC Public Health. 2016;16:52.
da Silva T, Treviso DJ, Heineck I, et al. Adherence to essential medicines in cities from three Brazilian states. Cad Saúde Pública. 2010;26(4):827-836.
Alvares J, Guerra AAJ, Araujo VE, et al. Access to medicines by patients of the primary health care in the Brazilian Unified Health System. Rev Saúde Pública. 2017;51(2):20s.
Rolfo C, Caglevic C, Bretel D, et al. Cancer clinical research in Latin America: current situation and opportunities. Expert opinion from the first ESMO workshop on clinical trials, Lima, 2015. ESMO Open. 2016;1(4):e000055.
Duran CE, Christiaens T, Acosta A, Vander SR. Systematic review of cross-national drug utilization studies in Latin America: methods and comparability. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2016;25(1):16-25.
Ali AK. Methodological challenges in observational research: a pharmacoepidemiological perspective. Br J Pharm Res. 2013;3(2):161-175.

Auteurs

Maribel Salas (M)

Daiichi Sankyo, Inc, Basking Ridge, USA.
CCEB/CPeRT, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA.

Luciane C Lopes (LC)

Pharmaceutical Science graduate Course, Universidade de Sorocaba UNISO, Sao Paulo, Brazil.

Brian Godman (B)

Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Gainesville, Glasgow, UK.
School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Garankuwa, South Africa.

Ilse Truter (I)

Drug Utilization Research Unit (DURU), Department of Pharmacy, Nelson Mandela University, South Africa.

Abraham G Hartzema (AG)

College of Pharmacy, Gainesville, FL.

Bjorn Wettermark (B)

Clinical epidemiology & Clinical pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Department of Pharmacy, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Uppsala University.

Joseph Fadare (J)

Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ekiti State University College of Medicine, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria.

Johanita R Burger (JR)

Medicine Usage in South Africa (MUSA), North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.

Kwame Appenteng (K)

Department of Epidemiology, Astellas Pharma US, Northbrook, IL.

Macarius Donneyong (M)

Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.

Ariel Arias (A)

Centre for Biologics Evaluation, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON and Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Daniel Ankrah (D)

Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana.

Olayinka O Ogunleye (OO)

Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria.

Martha Lubbe (M)

Medicine Usage in South Africa (MUSA), North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.

Laura Horne (L)

Department of Epidemiology, Daiichi Sankyo, Inc, Basking Ridge, NJ.

Jorgelina Bernet (J)

School of Medicine, Cordoba National University, Cordoba, Argentina.

Diana L Gómez-Galicia (DL)

Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, México.

Miriam Del Carmen Garcia Estrada (M)

Facultad de Ciencias Medicas, Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, Guatemala, Guatemala.

Margaret N Oluka (MN)

School of Pharmacy, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.

Amos Massele (A)

Faculty of Medicine, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana.

Luis Alesso (L)

School of Medicine, Cordoba National University, Cordoba, Argentina.

Raquel Herrera Comoglio (R)

School of Medicine, Cordoba National University, Cordoba, Argentina.

Elisangela da Costa Lima (E)

Observatorio de Vigilancia e Uso de Medicamentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ.

Carmen Vilaseca (C)

Colegio de Bioquimica y Farmacia, La Paz, Bolivia, Plurinational State.

Ulf Bergman (U)

Departments of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge.

Articles similaires

[Redispensing of expensive oral anticancer medicines: a practical application].

Lisanne N van Merendonk, Kübra Akgöl, Bastiaan Nuijen
1.00
Humans Antineoplastic Agents Administration, Oral Drug Costs Counterfeit Drugs

Smoking Cessation and Incident Cardiovascular Disease.

Jun Hwan Cho, Seung Yong Shin, Hoseob Kim et al.
1.00
Humans Male Smoking Cessation Cardiovascular Diseases Female
Humans United States Aged Cross-Sectional Studies Medicare Part C
1.00
Humans Yoga Low Back Pain Female Male

Classifications MeSH