Oncologic Emergencies: Immune-Based Cancer Therapies and Complications.
Journal
The western journal of emergency medicine
ISSN: 1936-9018
Titre abrégé: West J Emerg Med
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101476450
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
13 Apr 2020
13 Apr 2020
Historique:
received:
15
11
2019
accepted:
29
01
2020
entrez:
19
5
2020
pubmed:
19
5
2020
medline:
12
9
2020
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Cancer therapies have undergone several recent advancements. Current cancer treatments include immune-based therapies comprised of checkpoint inhibitors, and adoptive immunotherapy; each treatment has the potential for complications that differ from chemotherapy and radiation. This review evaluates immune-based therapies and their complications for emergency clinicians. Therapy complications include immune-related adverse events (irAE), cytokine release syndrome (CRS), autoimmune toxicity, and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell-related encephalopathy syndrome (CRES). Immune-related adverse events are most commonly encountered with checkpoint inhibitors and include dermatologic complications, pneumonitis, colitis/diarrhea, hepatitis, and endocrinopathies. Less common irAEs include nephritis, myocardial injury, neurologic toxicity, ocular diseases, and musculoskeletal complications. CRS and CRES are more commonly associated with CAR T-cell therapy. CRS commonly presents with flu-like illness and symptoms resembling sepsis, but severe myocardial and pulmonary disease may occur. Critically ill patients require resuscitation, broad-spectrum antibiotics, and hematology/oncology consultation.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32421502
pii: westjem.2020.1.45898
doi: 10.5811/westjem.2020.1.45898
pmc: PMC7234690
doi:
Substances chimiques
Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
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