Brain aging in major depressive disorder: results from the ENIGMA major depressive disorder working group.


Journal

Molecular psychiatry
ISSN: 1476-5578
Titre abrégé: Mol Psychiatry
Pays: England
ID NLM: 9607835

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
09 2021
Historique:
received: 10 10 2019
accepted: 23 04 2020
revised: 01 04 2020
pubmed: 20 5 2020
medline: 1 2 2022
entrez: 20 5 2020
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with an increased risk of brain atrophy, aging-related diseases, and mortality. We examined potential advanced brain aging in adult MDD patients, and whether this process is associated with clinical characteristics in a large multicenter international dataset. We performed a mega-analysis by pooling brain measures derived from T1-weighted MRI scans from 19 samples worldwide. Healthy brain aging was estimated by predicting chronological age (18-75 years) from 7 subcortical volumes, 34 cortical thickness and 34 surface area, lateral ventricles and total intracranial volume measures separately in 952 male and 1236 female controls from the ENIGMA MDD working group. The learned model coefficients were applied to 927 male controls and 986 depressed males, and 1199 female controls and 1689 depressed females to obtain independent unbiased brain-based age predictions. The difference between predicted "brain age" and chronological age was calculated to indicate brain-predicted age difference (brain-PAD). On average, MDD patients showed a higher brain-PAD of +1.08 (SE 0.22) years (Cohen's d = 0.14, 95% CI: 0.08-0.20) compared with controls. However, this difference did not seem to be driven by specific clinical characteristics (recurrent status, remission status, antidepressant medication use, age of onset, or symptom severity). This highly powered collaborative effort showed subtle patterns of age-related structural brain abnormalities in MDD. Substantial within-group variance and overlap between groups were observed. Longitudinal studies of MDD and somatic health outcomes are needed to further assess the clinical value of these brain-PAD estimates.

Identifiants

pubmed: 32424236
doi: 10.1038/s41380-020-0754-0
pii: 10.1038/s41380-020-0754-0
pmc: PMC8589647
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article Multicenter Study Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

5124-5139

Subventions

Organisme : NIA NIH HHS
ID : RF1 AG041915
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : R01 MH083968
Pays : United States
Organisme : Medical Research Council
ID : MR/L010305/1
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : CIHR
ID : 142255
Pays : Canada
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : R01 MH116147
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIA NIH HHS
ID : T32 AG058507
Pays : United States
Organisme : NICHD NIH HHS
ID : R01 HD050735
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : R21 MH113871
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIA NIH HHS
ID : T35 AG026757
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIA NIH HHS
ID : R56 AG058854
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : K23 MH090421
Pays : United States
Organisme : Wellcome Trust
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : NCCIH NIH HHS
ID : R61 AT009864
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIBIB NIH HHS
ID : P41 EB015922
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIGMS NIH HHS
ID : P20 GM121312
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : R37 MH101495
Pays : United States
Organisme : NCRR NIH HHS
ID : P41 RR008079
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : T32 MH073526
Pays : United States
Organisme : Wellcome Trust
ID : 104036/Z/14/Z
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : NCATS NIH HHS
ID : UL1 TR001872
Pays : United States
Organisme : CIHR
ID : 106469
Pays : Canada
Organisme : Department of Health
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : NIBIB NIH HHS
ID : U54 EB020403
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : R01 MH117601
Pays : United States
Organisme : Medical Research Council
ID : MR/R024790/2
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : K01 MH117442
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : R01 MH085734
Pays : United States
Organisme : NCCIH NIH HHS
ID : R21 AT009173
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIA NIH HHS
ID : RF1 AG051710
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIA NIH HHS
ID : R01 AG059874
Pays : United States

Informations de copyright

© 2020. The Author(s).

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Auteurs

Laura K M Han (LKM)

Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit & GGZinGeest, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. l.han@amsterdamumc.nl.

Richard Dinga (R)

Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit & GGZinGeest, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Tim Hahn (T)

Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.

Christopher R K Ching (CRK)

Imaging Genetics Center, Mark & Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Lisa T Eyler (LT)

Desert-Pacific Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center, VA San Diego Healthcare, San Diego, CA, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Lyubomir Aftanas (L)

FSSBI "Scientific Research Institute of Physiology & Basic Medicine", Laboratory of Affective, Cognitive & Translational Neuroscience, Novosibirsk, Russia.
Department of Neuroscience, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia.

Moji Aghajani (M)

Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit & GGZinGeest, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

André Aleman (A)

Department of Neuroscience, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Department of Clinical and Developmental Neuropsychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.

Bernhard T Baune (BT)

Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.

Klaus Berger (K)

Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.

Ivan Brak (I)

FSSBI "Scientific Research Institute of Physiology & Basic Medicine", Laboratory of Affective, Cognitive & Translational Neuroscience, Novosibirsk, Russia.
Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Neuroscience, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia.

Geraldo Busatto Filho (GB)

Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM-21), Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Angela Carballedo (A)

Department for Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
North Dublin Mental Health Services, Dublin, Ireland.

Colm G Connolly (CG)

Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA.

Baptiste Couvy-Duchesne (B)

Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.

Kathryn R Cullen (KR)

Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.

Udo Dannlowski (U)

Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.

Christopher G Davey (CG)

Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.

Danai Dima (D)

Department of Psychology, School of Arts and Social Sciences, City, University of London, London, UK.
Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College, London, UK.

Fabio L S Duran (FLS)

Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM-21), Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Verena Enneking (V)

Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.

Elena Filimonova (E)

FSSBI "Scientific Research Institute of Physiology & Basic Medicine", Laboratory of Affective, Cognitive & Translational Neuroscience, Novosibirsk, Russia.

Stefan Frenzel (S)

Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.

Thomas Frodl (T)

Department for Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto von Guericke University (OVGU), Magdeburg, Germany.
German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany.

Cynthia H Y Fu (CHY)

Centre for Affective Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
School of Psychology, University of East London, London, UK.

Beata R Godlewska (BR)

Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

Ian H Gotlib (IH)

Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.

Hans J Grabe (HJ)

Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
German Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Site Rostock/Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.

Nynke A Groenewold (NA)

Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion regulation (ICPE), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.

Dominik Grotegerd (D)

Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.

Oliver Gruber (O)

Section for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.

Geoffrey B Hall (GB)

Department of Psychology, Neuroscience & Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.

Ben J Harrison (BJ)

Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne & Melbourne Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.

Sean N Hatton (SN)

Youth Mental Health Team, Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Department of Neuroscience, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.

Marco Hermesdorf (M)

Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.

Ian B Hickie (IB)

Youth Mental Health Team, Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.

Tiffany C Ho (TC)

Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Standord University, Stanford, CA, USA.

Norbert Hosten (N)

Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.

Andreas Jansen (A)

Department of Psychiatry, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.

Claas Kähler (C)

Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.

Tilo Kircher (T)

Department of Psychiatry, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.

Bonnie Klimes-Dougan (B)

Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.

Bernd Krämer (B)

Section for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.

Axel Krug (A)

Department of Psychiatry, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.

Jim Lagopoulos (J)

Youth Mental Health Team, Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Sunshine Coast Mind and Neuroscience Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast QLD, Sippy Downs, QLD, Australia.

Ramona Leenings (R)

Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.

Frank P MacMaster (FP)

Departments of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
Addictions and Mental Health Strategic Clinical Network, Calgary, AB, Canada.

Glenda MacQueen (G)

Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.

Andrew McIntosh (A)

Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.

Quinn McLellan (Q)

Departments of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.

Katie L McMahon (KL)

School of Clinical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.

Sarah E Medland (SE)

QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Instititute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.

Bryon A Mueller (BA)

Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.

Benson Mwangi (B)

Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.

Evgeny Osipov (E)

Laboratory of Experimental & Translational Neuroscience, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia.

Maria J Portella (MJ)

Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Cibersam, Spain.

Elena Pozzi (E)

Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne & Melbourne Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.

Liesbeth Reneman (L)

Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Jonathan Repple (J)

Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.

Pedro G P Rosa (PGP)

Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM-21), Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Matthew D Sacchet (MD)

Center for Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Research, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA.

Philipp G Sämann (PG)

Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany.

Knut Schnell (K)

Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Asklepios Fachklinikum Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.

Anouk Schrantee (A)

Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Egle Simulionyte (E)

Department of Psychology, Neuroscience & Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.

Jair C Soares (JC)

Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.

Jens Sommer (J)

Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.

Dan J Stein (DJ)

Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
SA MRC Unit on Risk and Resilience, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.

Olaf Steinsträter (O)

Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.

Lachlan T Strike (LT)

Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.

Sophia I Thomopoulos (SI)

Imaging Genetics Center, Mark & Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Marie-José van Tol (MJ)

Cognitive Neuroscience Center, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.

Ilya M Veer (IM)

Division of Mind and Brain Research, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.

Robert R J M Vermeiren (RRJM)

Department of Child Psychiatry, University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.

Henrik Walter (H)

Division of Mind and Brain Research, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy CCM, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.

Nic J A van der Wee (NJA)

Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.

Steven J A van der Werff (SJA)

Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.

Heather Whalley (H)

Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.

Nils R Winter (NR)

Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.

Katharina Wittfeld (K)

Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
German Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Site Rostock/Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.

Margaret J Wright (MJ)

Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.

Mon-Ju Wu (MJ)

Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.

Henry Völzke (H)

Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.

Tony T Yang (TT)

Department of Psychiatry, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, UCSF School of Medicine, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA.

Vasileios Zannias (V)

Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.

Greig I de Zubicaray (GI)

Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.

Giovana B Zunta-Soares (GB)

Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.

Christoph Abé (C)

Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Osher Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Martin Alda (M)

Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.

Ole A Andreassen (OA)

NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.

Erlend Bøen (E)

Clinic for Mental Health and Dependency, C-L psychiatry and Psychosomatic Unit, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.

Caterina M Bonnin (CM)

Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

Erick J Canales-Rodriguez (EJ)

FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

Dara Cannon (D)

Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 TK33, Galway, Ireland.

Xavier Caseras (X)

MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.

Tiffany M Chaim-Avancini (TM)

Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM-21), Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Torbjørn Elvsåshagen (T)

Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.

Pauline Favre (P)

UNIACT, Psychiatry Team, Neurospin, Atomic Energy Commission, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France.
Translational Psychiatry Team, Pôle de psychiatrie, Faculté de Médecine, APHP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Mondor, INSERM, U955, Créteil, France.

Sonya F Foley (SF)

Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.

Janice M Fullerton (JM)

Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.

Jose M Goikolea (JM)

Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

Bartholomeus C M Haarman (BCM)

Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.

Tomas Hajek (T)

Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.

Chantal Henry (C)

Université de Paris, Service Hospitalo-Universitaire, GHU Paris Psychiatrie & Neuroscience, F-75014, Paris, France.

Josselin Houenou (J)

UNIACT, Psychiatry Team, Neurospin, Atomic Energy Commission, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France.
Translational Psychiatry Team, Pôle de psychiatrie, Faculté de Médecine, APHP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Mondor, INSERM, U955, Créteil, France.

Fleur M Howells (FM)

Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.

Martin Ingvar (M)

Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Osher Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Rayus Kuplicki (R)

Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA.

Beny Lafer (B)

Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo (FMUSP), Sao Paulo, Brazil.

Mikael Landén (M)

Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Osher Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Rodrigo Machado-Vieira (R)

Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo (FMUSP), Sao Paulo, Brazil.

Ulrik F Malt (UF)

Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Clinic for Psychiatry and Dependency, C-L psychiatry and Psychosomatic Unit, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.

Colm McDonald (C)

Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 TK33, Galway, Ireland.

Philip B Mitchell (PB)

School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Kingsford, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Black Dog Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, Sydney, NSW, Australia.

Leila Nabulsi (L)

Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 TK33, Galway, Ireland.

Maria Concepcion Garcia Otaduy (MCG)

Instituto de Radiologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Bronwyn J Overs (BJ)

Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Sydney, NSW, Australia.

Mircea Polosan (M)

Department of Psychiatry and Neurology, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Université Grenoble Alpes, F-38000, Grenoble, France.
Inserm 1216, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, GIN, F-38000, Grenoble, France.

Edith Pomarol-Clotet (E)

FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

Joaquim Radua (J)

Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

Maria M Rive (MM)

Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Gloria Roberts (G)

School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Kingsford, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Black Dog Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, Sydney, NSW, Australia.

Henricus G Ruhe (HG)

Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Raymond Salvador (R)

FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

Salvador Sarró (S)

FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

Theodore D Satterthwaite (TD)

Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvannia Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Jonathan Savitz (J)

Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA.
Oxley College of Health Sciences, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, USA.

Aart H Schene (AH)

Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Peter R Schofield (PR)

Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.

Mauricio H Serpa (MH)

Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM-21), Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Kang Sim (K)

West Region and Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore.
Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.

Marcio Gerhardt Soeiro-de-Souza (MG)

Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo (FMUSP), Sao Paulo, Brazil.

Ashley N Sutherland (AN)

Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Henk S Temmingh (HS)

Section for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Valkenberg Psychiatric Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.

Garrett M Timmons (GM)

Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Anne Uhlmann (A)

Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.

Eduard Vieta (E)

Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

Daniel H Wolf (DH)

Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvannia Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Marcus V Zanetti (MV)

Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM-21), Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Neda Jahanshad (N)

Imaging Genetics Center, Mark & Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Paul M Thompson (PM)

Imaging Genetics Center, Mark & Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Dick J Veltman (DJ)

Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit & GGZinGeest, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Brenda W J H Penninx (BWJH)

Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit & GGZinGeest, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Andre F Marquand (AF)

Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

James H Cole (JH)

Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College, London, UK.
Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, UK.
Dementia Research Centre, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.

Lianne Schmaal (L)

Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.

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