Comparison of forest above-ground biomass from dynamic global vegetation models with spatially explicit remotely sensed observation-based estimates.

AGB density deficits carbon cycle forest ecosystems human disturbances model evaluation remote sensing-based biomass

Journal

Global change biology
ISSN: 1365-2486
Titre abrégé: Glob Chang Biol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 9888746

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
07 2020
Historique:
received: 21 12 2019
accepted: 19 03 2020
pubmed: 20 5 2020
medline: 27 11 2020
entrez: 20 5 2020
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Gaps in our current understanding and quantification of biomass carbon stocks, particularly in tropics, lead to large uncertainty in future projections of the terrestrial carbon balance. We use the recently published GlobBiomass data set of forest above-ground biomass (AGB) density for the year 2010, obtained from multiple remote sensing and in situ observations at 100 m spatial resolution to evaluate AGB estimated by nine dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs). The global total forest AGB of the nine DGVMs is 365 ± 66 Pg C, the spread corresponding to the standard deviation between models, compared to 275 Pg C with an uncertainty of ~13.5% from GlobBiomass. Model-data discrepancy in total forest AGB can be attributed to their discrepancies in the AGB density and/or forest area. While DGVMs represent the global spatial gradients of AGB density reasonably well, they only have modest ability to reproduce the regional spatial gradients of AGB density at scales below 1000 km. The 95th percentile of AGB density (AGB

Identifiants

pubmed: 32427397
doi: 10.1111/gcb.15117
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

3997-4012

Subventions

Organisme : European Space Agency
Pays : International
Organisme : Horizon 2020
ID : 821003
Pays : International
Organisme : SNSF
ID : 20020_172476
Pays : International

Informations de copyright

© 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Références

Ahlström, A., Canadell, J. G., Schurgers, G., Wu, M., Berry, J. A., Guan, K., & Jackson, R. B. (2017). Hydrologic resilience and Amazon productivity. Nature Communications, 8(1), 387. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-00306-z
Ahrends, A., Hollingsworth, P. M., Ziegler, A. D., Fox, J. M., Chen, H., Su, Y., & Xu, J. (2015). Current trends of rubber plantation expansion may threaten biodiversity and livelihoods. Global Environmental Change, 34, 48-58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2015.06.002
Alamgir, M., Campbell, M. J., Sloan, S., Goosem, M., Clements, G. R., Mahmoud, M. I., & Laurance, W. F. (2017). Economic, socio-political and environmental risks of road development in the tropics. Current Biology, 27(20), R1130-R1140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2017.08.067
Albani, M., Medvigy, D., Hurtt, G. C., & Moorcroft, P. R. (2006). The contributions of land-use change, CO2 fertilization, and climate variability to the Eastern US carbon sink. Global Change Biology, 12(12), 2370-2390.
Anav, A., Friedlingstein, P., Beer, C., Ciais, P., Harper, A., Jones, C., … Zhao, M. (2015). Spatiotemporal patterns of terrestrial gross primary production: A review. Reviews of Geophysics, 53(3), 785-818. https://doi.org/10.1002/2015RG000483
Armenteras, D., Rodriguez, N., & Retana, J. (2013). Landscape dynamics in northwestern Amazonia: An assessment of pastures, fire and illicit crops as drivers of tropical deforestation. PLoS ONE, 8(1), e54310. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0054310
Asner, G. P., Knapp, D. E., Broadbent, E. N., Oliveira, P. J. C., Keller, M., & Silva, J. N. (2005). Selective logging in the Brazilian Amazon. Science, 310(5747), 480-482.
Avitabile, V., Herold, M., Heuvelink, G. B. M., Lewis, S. L., Phillips, O. L., Asner, G. P., … Willcock, S. (2016). An integrated pan-tropical biomass map using multiple reference datasets. Global Change Biology, 22(4), 1406-1420. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13139
Baccini, A., Goetz, S. J., Walker, W. S., Laporte, N. T., Sun, M., Sulla-Menashe, D., … Houghton, R. A. (2012). Estimated carbon dioxide emissions from tropical deforestation improved by carbon-density maps. Nature Climate Change, 2(3), 182. https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1354
Baccini, A., Walker, W., Carvalho, L., Farina, M., Sulla-Menashe, D., & Houghton, R. A. (2017). Tropical forests are a net carbon source based on aboveground measurements of gain and loss. Science, 358(6360), 230-234.
Bar-On, Y. M., Phillips, R., & Milo, R. (2018). The biomass distribution on Earth. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 115(25), 6506-6511.
Beer, C., Reichstein, M., Tomelleri, E., Ciais, P., Jung, M., Carvalhais, N., … Papale, D. (2010). Terrestrial gross carbon dioxide uptake: Global distribution and covariation with climate. Science, 329(5993), 834-838. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1184984
Bertram, J., & Dewar, R. C. (2013). Statistical patterns in tropical tree cover explained by the different water demand of individual trees and grasses. Ecology, 94(10), 2138-2144. https://doi.org/10.1890/13-0379.1
Bontemps, S., Defourny, P., Radoux, J., Van Bogaert, E., Lamarche, C., Achard, F., … Arino, O. (2013). Consistent global land cover maps for climate modelling communities: Current achievements of the ESA's land cover CCI. In Proceedings of the ESA living planet symposium, Edinburgh, UK, pp. 9-13.
Bowman, D. M., Balch, J. K., Artaxo, P., Bond, W. J., Carlson, J. M., Cochrane, M. A., … Pyne, S. J. (2009). Fire in the earth system. Science, 324(5926), 481-484. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1163886
Brandt, M., Rasmussen, K., Hiernaux, P., Herrmann, S., Tucker, C. J., Tong, X., … Fensholt, R. (2018). Reduction of tree cover in West African woodlands and promotion in semi-arid farmlands. Nature Geoscience, 11(5), 328-333. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-018-0092-x
Brinck, K., Fischer, R., Groeneveld, J., Lehmann, S., Dantas De Paula, M., Pütz, S., … Huth, A. (2017). High resolution analysis of tropical forest fragmentation and its impact on the global carbon cycle. Nature Communications, 8, 14855. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms14855
Carvalhais, N., Forkel, M., Khomik, M., Bellarby, J., Jung, M., Migliavacca, M., … Reichstein, M. (2014). Global covariation of carbon turnover times with climate in terrestrial ecosystems. Nature, 514(7521), 213-217. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature13731
Carvalhais, N., Reichstein, M., Ciais, P., Collatz, G. J., Mahecha, M. D., Montagnani, L., … Seixas, J. (2010). Identification of vegetation and soil carbon pools out of equilibrium in a process model via eddy covariance and biometric constraints. Global Change Biology, 16(10), 2813-2829. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02173.x
Caspersen, J. P., Pacala, S. W., Jenkins, J. C., Hurtt, G. C., Moorcroft, P. R., & Birdsey, R. A. (2000). Contributions of land-use history to carbon accumulation in US forests. Science, 290(5494), 1148-1151.
Chaplin-Kramer, R., Ramler, I., Sharp, R., Haddad, N. M., Gerber, J. S., West, P. C., … Mueller, C. (2015). Degradation in carbon stocks near tropical forest edges. Nature Communications, 6(1), 1-6.
Chuvieco, E., Yue, C., Heil, A., Mouillot, F., Alonso-Canas, I., Padilla, M., … Tansey, K. (2016). A new global burned area product for climate assessment of fire impacts. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 25(5), 619-629. https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.12440
Clark, D. B., Mercado, L. M., Sitch, S., Jones, C. D., Gedney, N., Best, M. J., … Cox, P. M. (2011). The Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES), model description-Part 2: Carbon fluxes and vegetation dynamics. Geoscientific Model Development, 4(3), 701-722. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-4-701-2011
Das, A. J., Stephenson, N. L., & Davis, K. P. (2016). Why do trees die? Characterizing the drivers of background tree mortality. Ecology, 97(10), 2616-2627. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.1497
Erb, K. H., Kastner, T., Plutzar, C., Anna, L. S., Bais, N. C., Fetzel, T., … Luyssaert, S. (2018). Unexpectedly large impact of forest management and grazing on global vegetation biomass. Nature, 553(7686), 73-76. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature25138
Faroux, S., Kaptué Tchuenté, A. T., Roujean, J. L., Masson, V., Martin, E., & Le Moigne, P. (2013). ECOCLIMAP-II/Europe: A twofold database of ecosystems and surface parameters at 1 km resolution based on satellite information for use in land surface, meteorological and climate models. Geoscientific Model Development, 6, 563-582.
Farrior, C. E., Tilman, D., Dybzinski, R., Reich, P. B., Levin, S. A., & Pacala, S. W. (2013). Resource limitation in a competitive context determines complex plant responses to experimental resource additions. Ecology, 94(11), 2505-2517. https://doi.org/10.1890/12-1548.1
Friend, A. D., Lucht, W., Rademacher, T. T., Keribin, R., Betts, R., Cadule, P., … Ian Woodward, F. (2014). Carbon residence time dominates uncertainty in terrestrial vegetation responses to future climate and atmospheric CO2. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 111(9), 3280-3285. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1222477110
Goll, D. S., Brovkin, V., Liski, J., Raddatz, T., Thum, T., Todd-Brown, K. E. O. (2015). Strong dependence of CO2 emissions from anthropogenic land cover change on initial land cover and soil carbon parametrization. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 29(9), 1511-1523. https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GB004988
Guimberteau, M., Zhu, D., Maignan, F., Huang, Y. E., Yue, C., Dantec-Nédélec, S., … Ciais, P. (2018). ORCHIDEE-MICT (v8.4.1), a land surface model for the high latitudes: Model description and validation. Geoscientific Model Development, 11(1), 121-163. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-121-2018
Hansen, M. C., Potapov, P. V., Moore, R., Hancher, M., Turubanova, S. A., Tyukavina, A., … Townshend, J. R. G. (2013). High-resolution global maps of 21st-century forest cover change. Science, 342(6160), 850-853. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1244693
Haverd, V., Smith, B., Nieradzik, L., Briggs, P. R., Woodgate, W., Trudinger, C. M., … Cuntz, M. (2018). A new version of the CABLE land surface model (Subversion revision r4601) incorporating land use and land cover change, woody vegetation demography, and a novel optimisation-based approach to plant coordination of photosynthesis. Geoscientific Model Development, 11(7), 2995-3026. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-2995-2018
Haverd, V., Smith, B., Raupach, M., Briggs, P., Nieradzik, L., Beringer, J., … Cleverly, J. (2016). Coupling carbon allocation with leaf and root phenology predicts tree-grass partitioning along a savanna rainfall gradient. Biogeosciences, 13(3), 761-779. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-761-2016
Heinimann, A., Mertz, O., Frolking, S., Egelund Christensen, A., Hurni, K., Sedano, F., … Hurtt, G. (2017). A global view of shifting cultivation: Recent, current, and future extent. PLoS ONE, 12(9), e0184479. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0184479
Hurtt, G. C., Chini, L. P., Frolking, S., Betts, R. A., Feddema, J., Fischer, G., … Wang, Y. P. (2011). Harmonization of land-use scenarios for the period 1500-2100: 600 years of global gridded annual land-use transitions, wood harvest, and resulting secondary lands. Climatic Change, 109(1-2), 117. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-011-0153-2
Joetzjer, E., Delire, C., Douville, H., Ciais, P., Decharme, B., Carrer, D., … Bonal, D. (2015). Improving the ISBA (CC) land surface model simulation of water and carbon fluxes and stocks over the Amazon forest. Geoscientific Model Development, 8(6), 1709-1727.
Joetzjer, E., Delire, C., Douville, H., Ciais, P., Decharme, B., Fisher, R., … Meir, P. (2014). Predicting the response of the Amazon rainforest to persistent drought conditions under current and future climates: A major challenge for global land surface models. Geoscientific Model Development, 7(6), 2933-2950. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-7-2933-2014
Johnson, M. O., Galbraith, D., Gloor, M., De Deurwaerder, H., Guimberteau, M., Rammig, A., … Phillips, O. L. (2016). Variation in stem mortality rates determines patterns of above-ground biomass in A mazonian forests: Implications for dynamic global vegetation models. Global Change Biology, 22(12), 3996-4013.
Keller, K., Lienert, S., Bozbiyik, A., Stocker, T. F., Churakova, O. V., Frank, D. C., … Joos, F. (2017). 20th century changes in carbon isotopes and water-use efficiency: Tree-ring-based evaluation of the CLM4. 5 and LPX-Bern models. Biogeosciences, 14(10), 2641-2673. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-2641-2017
Koven, C. D., Chambers, J. Q., Georgiou, K., Knox, R., Negron-Juarez, R., Riley, W. J., … Jones, C. D. (2015). Controls on terrestrial carbon feedbacks by productivity versus turnover in the CMIP5 Earth System Models. Biogeosciences, 12(17), 5211-5228. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-5211-2015
Krinner, G., Viovy, N., de Noblet-Ducoudré, N., Ogée, J., Polcher, J., … Prentice, I. C. (2005). A dynamic global vegetation model for studies of the coupled atmosphere-biosphere system. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.1029/2003GB002199
Laurance, S. G., Laurance, W. F., Andrade, A., Fearnside, P. M., Harms, K. E., Vicentini, A., & Luizão, R. C. (2010). Influence of soil sand topography on Amazonian tree diversity: A landscape-scale study. Journal of Vegetation Science, 21(1), 96-106. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1654-1103.2009.01122.x
Le Quéré, C., Andrew, R. M., Friedlingstein, P., Sitch, S., Hauck, J., Pongratz, J., … Zheng, B. O. (2018). Global carbon budget 2018. Earth System Science Data, 10(4), 2141-2194. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-10-2141-2018
Lehmann, C. E., Anderson, T. M., Sankaran, M., Higgins, S. I., Archibald, S., Hoffmann, W. A., … Bond, W. J. (2014). Savanna vegetation-fire-climate relationships differ among continents. Science, 343(6170), 548-552. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1247355
Li, W., Ciais, P., Peng, S., Yue, C., Wang, Y., Thurner, M., … Zaehle, S. (2017). Land-use and land-cover change carbon emissions between 1901 and 2012 constrained by biomass observations. Biogeosciences, 14(22), 5053-5067. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-5053-2017
Li, W., MacBean, N., Ciais, P., Defourny, P., Lamarche, C., Bontemps, S., … Peng, S. (2018). Gross and net land cover changes in the main plant functional types derived from the annual ESA GLOBBIOMASS land cover maps (1992-2015). Earth System Science Data, 10(1), 219-234. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-10-219-2018
Li, Z., & Fox, J. M. (2012). Mapping rubber tree growth in mainland Southeast Asia using time-series MODIS 250 m NDVI and statistical data. Applied Geography, 32(2), 420-432.
Liu, Y. Y., Van Dijk, A. I., De Jeu, R. A., Canadell, J. G., McCabe, M. F., Evans, J. P., & Wang, G. (2015). Recent reversal in loss of global terrestrial biomass. Nature Climate Change, 5(5), 470-474.
MacDicken, K. G. (2015). Global forest resources assessment 2015: What, why and how? Forest Ecology and Management, 352, 3-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2015.02.006
Malhi, Y., Aragao, L. E. O. C., Galbraith, D., Huntingford, C., Fisher, R., Zelazowski, P., … Meir, P. (2009). Exploring the likelihood and mechanism of a climate-change-induced dieback of the Amazon rainforest. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 106(49), 20610-20615. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0804619106
Malhi, Y., Wood, D., Baker, T. R., Wright, J., Phillips, O. L., Cochrane, T., … Vinceti, B. (2006). The regional variation of aboveground live biomass in old-growth Amazonian forests. Global Change Biology, 12(7), 1107-1138. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01120.x
Melton, J. R., & Arora, V. K. (2016). Competition between plant functional types in the Canadian Terrestrial Ecosystem Model (CTEM) vol 2.0. Geoscientific Model Development, 9(1), 323-361.
Mermoz, S., Le Toan, T., Villard, L., Réjou-Méchain, M., & Seifert-Granzin, J. (2014). Biomass assessment in the Cameroon savanna using ALOS PALSAR data. Remote Sensing of Environment, 155, 109-119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2014.01.029
Nemani, R. R., Keeling, C. D., Hashimoto, H., Jolly, W. M., Piper, S. C., Tucker, C. J., … Running, S. W. (2003). Climate-driven increases in global terrestrial net primary production from 1982 to 1999. Science, 300(5625), 1560-1563. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1082750
Pan, Y., Birdsey, R. A., Fang, J., Houghton, R., Kauppi, P. E., Kurz, W. A., … Hayes, D. (2011). A large and persistent carbon sink in the world's forests. Science, 333(6045), 988-993.
Peng, S., Ciais, P., Maignan, F., Li, W., Chang, J., Wang, T., & Yue, C. (2017). Sensitivity of land use change emission estimates to historical land use and land cover mapping. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 31, 626-643. https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GB005360
Piao, S., Sitch, S., Ciais, P., Friedlingstein, P., Peylin, P., Wang, X., … Zeng, N. (2013). Evaluation of terrestrial carbon cycle models for their response to climate variability and to CO2 trends. Global Change Biology, 19(7), 2117-2132. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12187
Pongratz, J., Reick, C., Raddatz, T., & Claussen, M. (2008). A reconstruction of global agricultural areas and land cover for the last millennium. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 22(3). https://doi.org/10.1029/2007GB003153
Potapov, P., Hansen, M. C., Laestadius, L., Turubanova, S., Yaroshenko, A., Thies, C., … Esipova, E. (2017). The last frontiers of wilderness: Tracking loss of intact forest landscapes from 2000 to 2013. Science Advances, 3(1), e1600821. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1600821
Pugh, T. A. M., Arneth, A., Kautz, M., Poulter, B., & Smith, B. (2019). Important role of forest disturbances in the global biomass turnover and carbon sinks. Nature Geoscience, 12(9), 730-735. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-019-0427-2
Pütz, S., Groeneveld, J., Henle, K., Knogge, C., Martensen, A. C., Metz, M., … Huth, A. (2014). Long-term carbon loss in fragmented Neotropical forests. Nature Communications, 5, 5037. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms6037
Qie, L., Lewis, S. L., Sullivan, M. J. P., Lopez-Gonzalez, G., Pickavance, G. C., Sunderland, T., … Phillips, O. L. (2017). Long-term carbon sink in Borneo's forests halted by drought and vulnerable to edge effects. Nature Communications, 8(1), 1966. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-01997-0
Reichstein, M., & Carvalhais, N. (2019). Aspects of forest biomass in the Earth system: Its role and major unknowns. Surveys in Geophysics, 40(4), 693-707.
Reick, C. H., Raddatz, T., Brovkin, V., & Gayler, V. (2013). Representation of natural and anthropogenic land cover change in MPI-ESM. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 5(3), 459-482.
Saatchi, S. S., Harris, N. L., Brown, S., Lefsky, M., Mitchard, E. T. A., Salas, W., … Morel, A. (2011). Benchmark map of forest carbon stocks in tropical regions across three continents. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 108(24), 9899-9904. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1019576108
Sankaran, M., Ratnam, J., & Hanan, N. P. (2004). Tree-grass coexistence in savannas revisited - Insights from an examination of assumptions and mechanisms invoked in existing models. Ecology Letters, 7(6), 480-490. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2004.00596.x
Santoro, M., Cartus, O., Mermoz, S., Bouvet, A., Le Toan, T., Carvalhais, N. … Seifert, F. K. (2018). A detailed portrait of the forest aboveground biomass pool for the year 2010 obtained from multiple remote sensing observations. Geophysical Research Abstracts, 20, EGU2018-18932.
Sitch, S., Friedlingstein, P., Gruber, N., Jones, S. D., Murray-Tortarolo, G., Ahlström, A., … Myneni, R. (2015). Recent trends and drivers of regional sources and sinks of carbon dioxide. Biogeosciences, 12(3), 653-679. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-653-2015
Smith, B., Wårlind, D., Arneth, A., Hickler, T., Leadley, P., Siltberg, J., & Zaehle, S. (2014). Implications of incorporating N cycling and N limitations on primary production in an individual-based dynamic vegetation model. Biogeosciences, 11, 2027-2054. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-2027-2014
Staver, A. C., Archibald, S., & Levin, S. A. (2011). The global extent and determinants of savanna and forest as alternative biome states. Science, 334(6053), 230-232.
Thum, T., MacBean, N., Peylin, P., Bacour, C., Santaren, D., Longdoz, B., … Ciais, P. (2017). The potential benefit of using forest biomass data in addition to carbon and water flux measurements to constrain ecosystem model parameters: Case studies at two temperate forest sites. Agricultural & Forest Meteorology, 234, 48-65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2016.12.004
Thurner, M., Beer, C., Santoro, M., Carvalhais, N., Wutzler, T., Schepaschenko, D., … Schmullius, C. (2014). Carbon stock and density of northern boreal and temperate forests. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 23(3), 297-310. https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.12125
Viovy, N. (2018). CRUNCEP version 7-atmospheric forcing data for the community land model. Boulder, CO: Research Data Archive at the National Center for Atmospheric Research, Computational and Information Systems Laboratory.
Xu, L., Saatchi, S. S., Shapiro, A., Meyer, V., Ferraz, A., Yang, Y., … Ebuta, D. (2017). Spatial distribution of carbon stored in forests of the Democratic Republic of Congo. Scientific Reports, 7(1), 15030. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-15050-z
Xue, B.-L., Guo, Q., Hu, T., Xiao, J., Yang, Y., Wang, G., … Zhao, X. (2017). Global patterns of woody residence time and its influence on model simulation of aboveground biomass. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 31(5), 821-835. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GB005557
Yu, Y., & Saatchi, S. (2016). Sensitivity of L-band SAR backscatter to aboveground biomass of global forests. Remote Sensing, 8(6), 522. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8060522

Auteurs

Hui Yang (H)

Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, LSCE/IPSL, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.

Philippe Ciais (P)

Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, LSCE/IPSL, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.

Maurizio Santoro (M)

Gamma Remote Sensing, Gümligen, Switzerland.

Yuanyuan Huang (Y)

Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, LSCE/IPSL, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Aspendale, Vic., Australia.

Wei Li (W)

Department of Earth System Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.

Yilong Wang (Y)

Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, LSCE/IPSL, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.

Ana Bastos (A)

Department für Geographie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munchen, Germany.

Daniel Goll (D)

Department of Geography, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany.

Almut Arneth (A)

Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research/Atmospheric Environmental Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany.

Peter Anthoni (P)

Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research/Atmospheric Environmental Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany.

Vivek K Arora (VK)

Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis, Climate Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Victoria, BC, Canada.

Pierre Friedlingstein (P)

College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
LMD/IPSL, ENS, PSL Université, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Paris, France.

Vanessa Harverd (V)

CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Canberra, ACT, Australia.

Emilie Joetzjer (E)

CNRM, Université de Toulouse, Météo-France, CNRS, Toulouse, France.

Markus Kautz (M)

Department of Forest Health, Forest Research Institute Baden-Württemberg, Freiburg, Germany.

Sebastian Lienert (S)

Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

Julia E M S Nabel (JEMS)

Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, Hamburg, Germany.

Michael O'Sullivan (M)

College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.

Stephen Sitch (S)

College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.

Nicolas Vuichard (N)

Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, LSCE/IPSL, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.

Andy Wiltshire (A)

Met Office Hadley Centre, Exeter, UK.

Dan Zhu (D)

Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, LSCE/IPSL, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.

Articles similaires

[Redispensing of expensive oral anticancer medicines: a practical application].

Lisanne N van Merendonk, Kübra Akgöl, Bastiaan Nuijen
1.00
Humans Antineoplastic Agents Administration, Oral Drug Costs Counterfeit Drugs

Smoking Cessation and Incident Cardiovascular Disease.

Jun Hwan Cho, Seung Yong Shin, Hoseob Kim et al.
1.00
Humans Male Smoking Cessation Cardiovascular Diseases Female
Humans United States Aged Cross-Sectional Studies Medicare Part C
1.00
Humans Yoga Low Back Pain Female Male

Classifications MeSH