Substance Use Disorder in Adult-Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients: Patterns of Use and Related Clinical Features.
adult ADHD
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
substance use disorder
Journal
International journal of environmental research and public health
ISSN: 1660-4601
Titre abrégé: Int J Environ Res Public Health
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101238455
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
17 05 2020
17 05 2020
Historique:
received:
02
04
2020
revised:
10
05
2020
accepted:
12
05
2020
entrez:
21
5
2020
pubmed:
21
5
2020
medline:
24
9
2020
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
While a large amount of medical literature has explored the association between Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Substance Use Disorders (SUDs), less attention has been dedicated to the typologies of SUD and their relationships with ADHD-specific symptomatology and general psychopathology in dual disorder patients. We selected 72 patients (aged 18-65) with a concomitant SUD out of 120 adults with ADHD (A-ADHD). Assessment instruments included the Diagnostic Interview for ADHD in adults (DIVA 2.0), Conner's Adult ADHD Rating Scales-Observer (CAARS-O:S): Short Version, the Structured Clinical Interview for Axis I and II Disorders (SCID-I), the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11), the Brief Psychiatric rating scale (BPRS), the Reactivity Intensity Polarity Stability Questionnaire (RIPoSt-40), the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0) and the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ). A factorial analysis was performed to group our patients by clusters in different typologies of substance use and correlations between SUDs, as made evident by their typological and diagnostic features; in addition, specific ADHD symptoms, severity of general psychopathology and patients' functionality were assessed. Two patterns of substance use were identified: the first (type 1) characterized by stimulants/alcohol and the second (type 2) by the use of cannabinoids (THC). Type 1 users were significantly younger and had more legal problems. The two patterns were similar in terms of ADHD-specific symptomatology and its severity at treatment entry. No differences were found regarding the other scales assessed, except for lower scores at MEQ in type 1 users. At treatment entry, the presence of different comorbid SUD clusters do not affect ADHD-specific symptomatology or severity.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
While a large amount of medical literature has explored the association between Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Substance Use Disorders (SUDs), less attention has been dedicated to the typologies of SUD and their relationships with ADHD-specific symptomatology and general psychopathology in dual disorder patients.
METHODS
We selected 72 patients (aged 18-65) with a concomitant SUD out of 120 adults with ADHD (A-ADHD). Assessment instruments included the Diagnostic Interview for ADHD in adults (DIVA 2.0), Conner's Adult ADHD Rating Scales-Observer (CAARS-O:S): Short Version, the Structured Clinical Interview for Axis I and II Disorders (SCID-I), the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11), the Brief Psychiatric rating scale (BPRS), the Reactivity Intensity Polarity Stability Questionnaire (RIPoSt-40), the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0) and the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ). A factorial analysis was performed to group our patients by clusters in different typologies of substance use and correlations between SUDs, as made evident by their typological and diagnostic features; in addition, specific ADHD symptoms, severity of general psychopathology and patients' functionality were assessed.
RESULTS
Two patterns of substance use were identified: the first (type 1) characterized by stimulants/alcohol and the second (type 2) by the use of cannabinoids (THC). Type 1 users were significantly younger and had more legal problems. The two patterns were similar in terms of ADHD-specific symptomatology and its severity at treatment entry. No differences were found regarding the other scales assessed, except for lower scores at MEQ in type 1 users.
CONCLUSIONS
At treatment entry, the presence of different comorbid SUD clusters do not affect ADHD-specific symptomatology or severity.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32429586
pii: ijerph17103509
doi: 10.3390/ijerph17103509
pmc: PMC7277475
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Central Nervous System Stimulants
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Références
Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2017 Apr;19(4):23
pubmed: 28349316
Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2019 Feb;20(3):343-355
pubmed: 30513231
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1992 Sep;49(9):728-38
pubmed: 1514878
Trends Neurosci. 2015 Jun;38(6):345-52
pubmed: 25959611
Ann Gen Psychiatry. 2012 Sep 03;11(1):23
pubmed: 22943591
Psychiatry Res. 2008 Sep 30;160(3):237-46
pubmed: 18707766
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Oct 15;16(20):
pubmed: 31618876
Clin Psychol Rev. 2016 Aug;48:32-42
pubmed: 27390061
Am J Psychiatry. 2008 Jan;165(1):107-15
pubmed: 18006872
Harv Rev Psychiatry. 1997 Jan-Feb;4(5):231-44
pubmed: 9385000
Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2018 Jun;268(4):391-399
pubmed: 28612143
Am J Psychiatry. 2006 Apr;163(4):716-23
pubmed: 16585449
Curr Drug Abuse Rev. 2012 Sep;5(3):190-8
pubmed: 22571450
Neuropharmacology. 2019 Sep 15;156:107565
pubmed: 30844407
Neuropsychologia. 2009 Jan;47(2):446-56
pubmed: 18929587
Curr Drug Abuse Rev. 2015;8(2):119-33
pubmed: 26373850
J Stud Alcohol. 1998 Jul;59(4):387-98
pubmed: 9647421
J Am Acad Psychiatry Law. 2001;29(2):186-93
pubmed: 11471785
Annu Rev Clin Psychol. 2014;10:607-39
pubmed: 24437435
BMC Psychiatry. 2011 Feb 18;11:32
pubmed: 21332994
J Abnorm Psychol. 2003 Aug;112(3):497-507
pubmed: 12943028
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2012 Apr 1;122(1-2):11-9
pubmed: 22209385
Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2014 Mar;16(3):436
pubmed: 24526271
Addict Behav. 2008 Sep;33(9):1199-207
pubmed: 18558465
Addict Sci Clin Pract. 2016 Apr 26;11(1):9
pubmed: 27117064
World J Biol Psychiatry. 2011 Sep;12 Suppl 1:124-8
pubmed: 21906010
Am J Psychiatry. 2004 Nov;161(11):2014-20
pubmed: 15514401
Can J Psychiatry. 1999 Dec;44(10):981-90
pubmed: 10637677
Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2009 Mar;259(2):98-105
pubmed: 18806916
BMC Psychiatry. 2013 Jan 24;13:36
pubmed: 23347693
Clin Psychol Rev. 2011 Apr;31(3):328-41
pubmed: 21382538
Am J Addict. 2014 Mar-Apr;23(2):189-93
pubmed: 25187055
Psychiatry Res. 2017 Jul;253:338-350
pubmed: 28419959
Int J Adolesc Med Health. 2013;25(3):231-43
pubmed: 23846135
Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2004 Aug;254(4):201-8
pubmed: 15309387
J Neurosci Rural Pract. 2012 Jan;3(1):45-50
pubmed: 22346191