Emerging methods in radiology.
Neue technische Entwicklungen in der Radiologie.
Biomarker
Deep learning
Diagnostic imaging
Molecular imaging
Radiomics
Journal
Der Radiologe
ISSN: 1432-2102
Titre abrégé: Radiologe
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 0401257
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Nov 2020
Nov 2020
Historique:
pubmed:
21
5
2020
medline:
26
1
2021
entrez:
21
5
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Imaging modalities have developed rapidly in recent decades. In addition to improved resolution as well as whole-body and faster image acquisition, the possibilities of functional and molecular examination of tissue pathophysiology have had a decisive influence on imaging diagnostics and provided ground-breaking knowledge. Many promising approaches are currently being pursued to increase the application area of devices and contrast media and to improve their sensitivity and quantitative informative value. These are complemented by new methods of data processing, multiparametric data analysis, and integrated diagnostics. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of technological innovations that will enrich clinical imaging in the future, and to highlight the resultant diagnostic options. These relate to the established imaging methods such as CT, MRI, ultrasound, PET, and SPECT but also to new methods such as magnetic particle imaging (MPI), optical imaging, and photoacoustics. In addition, approaches to radiomic image evaluation are explained and the chances and difficulties for their broad clinical introduction are discussed. The potential of imaging to describe pathophysiological relationships in ever increasing detail, both at whole-body and tissue level, can in future be used to better understand the mechanistic effect of drugs, to preselect patients to therapies, and to improve monitoring of therapy success. Consequently, the use of interdisciplinary integrated diagnostics will greatly change and enrich the profession of radiologists. Die bildgebenden Verfahren haben sich in den letzten Jahrzehnten rasant weiterentwickelt. Neben verbessertem Auflösungsvermögen, Ganzkörpererfassung und schnellerer Bilderstellung haben vor allem die Möglichkeiten der funktionellen und molekularen Untersuchung der Gewebepathophysiologie die bildgebende Diagnostik maßgeblich beeinflusst und wegweisende Erkenntnisse geliefert. Viele aussichtsreiche Ansätze werden derzeit verfolgt, um das Spektrum der Anwendbarkeit von Geräten und Kontrastmitteln zu erhöhen und deren Sensitivität und quantitative Aussagekraft zu verbessern. Hinzu kommen neuartige Verfahren der Datenverarbeitung, der multiparametrischen Datenanalyse und der integrierten Diagnostik. Ziel dieses Beitrags ist es, einen Überblick zu geben, welche technologischen Neuerungen die klinische Bildgebung in Zukunft bereichern werden und welche diagnostischen Möglichkeiten daraus resultieren. Diese betreffen sowohl etablierte Bildgebungsverfahren wie Computertomographie, Magnetresonanztomographie, Ultraschall, Positronenemissionstomographie und „single photon emission computed tomography“ als auch neue Verfahren wie „magnetic particle imaging“, die optische Bildgebung und die Photoakustik. Ferner werden Ansätze der Radiomics-basierten Bildauswertung erläutert und die Möglichkeiten und Schwierigkeiten bei deren breiter klinischer Einführung diskutiert. Das Potenzial der Bildgebung, pathophysiologische Zusammenhänge in stetig steigendem Detailgrad sowohl auf Ganzkörperniveau als auch auf Gewebeebene zu beschreiben, kann in Zukunft genutzt werden, um die Wirkungsweise von Medikamenten besser zu verstehen, Patienten für Therapien gezielt auszuwählen und die Überwachung der Therapieerfolge zu verbessern. In der Folge wird der Einsatz fachübergreifender integrierter Diagnostik das Berufsbild des Radiologen stark verändern und bereichern.
Autres résumés
Type: Publisher
(ger)
Die bildgebenden Verfahren haben sich in den letzten Jahrzehnten rasant weiterentwickelt. Neben verbessertem Auflösungsvermögen, Ganzkörpererfassung und schnellerer Bilderstellung haben vor allem die Möglichkeiten der funktionellen und molekularen Untersuchung der Gewebepathophysiologie die bildgebende Diagnostik maßgeblich beeinflusst und wegweisende Erkenntnisse geliefert. Viele aussichtsreiche Ansätze werden derzeit verfolgt, um das Spektrum der Anwendbarkeit von Geräten und Kontrastmitteln zu erhöhen und deren Sensitivität und quantitative Aussagekraft zu verbessern. Hinzu kommen neuartige Verfahren der Datenverarbeitung, der multiparametrischen Datenanalyse und der integrierten Diagnostik. Ziel dieses Beitrags ist es, einen Überblick zu geben, welche technologischen Neuerungen die klinische Bildgebung in Zukunft bereichern werden und welche diagnostischen Möglichkeiten daraus resultieren. Diese betreffen sowohl etablierte Bildgebungsverfahren wie Computertomographie, Magnetresonanztomographie, Ultraschall, Positronenemissionstomographie und „single photon emission computed tomography“ als auch neue Verfahren wie „magnetic particle imaging“, die optische Bildgebung und die Photoakustik. Ferner werden Ansätze der Radiomics-basierten Bildauswertung erläutert und die Möglichkeiten und Schwierigkeiten bei deren breiter klinischer Einführung diskutiert. Das Potenzial der Bildgebung, pathophysiologische Zusammenhänge in stetig steigendem Detailgrad sowohl auf Ganzkörperniveau als auch auf Gewebeebene zu beschreiben, kann in Zukunft genutzt werden, um die Wirkungsweise von Medikamenten besser zu verstehen, Patienten für Therapien gezielt auszuwählen und die Überwachung der Therapieerfolge zu verbessern. In der Folge wird der Einsatz fachübergreifender integrierter Diagnostik das Berufsbild des Radiologen stark verändern und bereichern.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32430576
doi: 10.1007/s00117-020-00696-0
pii: 10.1007/s00117-020-00696-0
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
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