Microalgal Metallothioneins and Phytochelatins and Their Potential Use in Bioremediation.
cysteine
glutathione
heavy metals
metal-binding proteins
metallothioneins
microalgal biotechnologies
phycoremediation
phytochelatins
Journal
Frontiers in microbiology
ISSN: 1664-302X
Titre abrégé: Front Microbiol
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101548977
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2020
2020
Historique:
received:
16
01
2020
accepted:
10
03
2020
entrez:
21
5
2020
pubmed:
21
5
2020
medline:
21
5
2020
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
The persistence of heavy metals (HMs) in the environment causes adverse effects to all living organisms; HMs accumulate along the food chain affecting different levels of biological organizations, from cells to tissues. HMs enter cells through transporter proteins and can bind to enzymes and nucleic acids interfering with their functioning. Strategies used by microalgae to minimize HM toxicity include the biosynthesis of metal-binding peptides that chelate metal cations inhibiting their activity. Metal-binding peptides include genetically encoded metallothioneins (MTs) and enzymatically produced phytochelatins (PCs). A number of techniques, including genetic engineering, focus on increasing the biosynthesis of MTs and PCs in microalgae. The present review reports the current knowledge on microalgal MTs and PCs and describes the state of art of their use for HM bioremediation and other putative biotechnological applications, also emphasizing on techniques aimed at increasing the cellular concentrations of MTs and PCs. In spite of the broad metabolic and chemical diversity of microalgae that are currently receiving increasing attention by biotechnological research, knowledge on MTs and PCs from these organisms is still limited to date.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32431671
doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00517
pmc: PMC7216689
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
517Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2020 Balzano, Sardo, Blasio, Chahine, Dell’Anno, Sansone and Brunet.
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