Acute Disulfiram Poisoning in a Child: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Child Disulfiram Literature Poisoning Review

Journal

Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine
ISSN: 0972-5229
Titre abrégé: Indian J Crit Care Med
Pays: India
ID NLM: 101208863

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
Mar 2020
Historique:
entrez: 22 5 2020
pubmed: 22 5 2020
medline: 22 5 2020
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

To determine the significance of acute disulfiram poisoning in pediatric population. Disulfiram poisoning in children is uncommon, can occur in children who have ingested large amount of drug because of careless and unsafe storage. Only few cases have been reported in literature. Although well tolerated by most patients, severe toxic side effects have been also reported including hepatitis, encephalopathy, psychosis, optic, and peripheral neuropathy. This is a case report of disulfiram toxicity in a 4.5-year girl who ingested 4-5 tablets of disulfiram (approximately 1-1.25 g) accidentally and presented with hypoglycemia and encephalopathy. After initial stabilization in emergency room, the child was shifted to intensive care unit (ICU) where the child was managed conservatively. Blood sugars normalized after 8 hours of admission. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain showed bilateral globus pallidus hyperintensity in T2-weighted (T2W) and diffusion-weighted (DW) images and hypointensity in T1-weighted (T1W) images including diffusion restriction. Acute disulfiram poisoning can occur in children who have ingested large amount of drug because of unsafe storage. It can lead to hepatitis, encephalopathy, psychosis, optic, and peripheral neuropathy. Mainstay of treatment is supportive care, airway protection, oxygen, and dextrose-containing intravenous fluid should be given. Acute disulfiram poisoning should be an important differential in diagnosis of any child presenting with idiopathic encephalopathy along with extrapyramidal symptoms with basal ganglia signal changes in MRI of brain in a previously healthy child. Bhalla K, Mittal K, Gupta A, Nehra D. Acute Disulfiram Poisoning in a Child: A Case Report and Review of Literature. Indian J Crit Care Med 2020;24(3):203-205.

Sections du résumé

AIM OBJECTIVE
To determine the significance of acute disulfiram poisoning in pediatric population.
BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Disulfiram poisoning in children is uncommon, can occur in children who have ingested large amount of drug because of careless and unsafe storage. Only few cases have been reported in literature. Although well tolerated by most patients, severe toxic side effects have been also reported including hepatitis, encephalopathy, psychosis, optic, and peripheral neuropathy.
CASE DESCRIPTION METHODS
This is a case report of disulfiram toxicity in a 4.5-year girl who ingested 4-5 tablets of disulfiram (approximately 1-1.25 g) accidentally and presented with hypoglycemia and encephalopathy. After initial stabilization in emergency room, the child was shifted to intensive care unit (ICU) where the child was managed conservatively. Blood sugars normalized after 8 hours of admission. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain showed bilateral globus pallidus hyperintensity in T2-weighted (T2W) and diffusion-weighted (DW) images and hypointensity in T1-weighted (T1W) images including diffusion restriction.
CONCLUSION CONCLUSIONS
Acute disulfiram poisoning can occur in children who have ingested large amount of drug because of unsafe storage. It can lead to hepatitis, encephalopathy, psychosis, optic, and peripheral neuropathy. Mainstay of treatment is supportive care, airway protection, oxygen, and dextrose-containing intravenous fluid should be given.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE CONCLUSIONS
Acute disulfiram poisoning should be an important differential in diagnosis of any child presenting with idiopathic encephalopathy along with extrapyramidal symptoms with basal ganglia signal changes in MRI of brain in a previously healthy child.
HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE UNASSIGNED
Bhalla K, Mittal K, Gupta A, Nehra D. Acute Disulfiram Poisoning in a Child: A Case Report and Review of Literature. Indian J Crit Care Med 2020;24(3):203-205.

Identifiants

pubmed: 32435101
doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10071-23371
pmc: PMC7225768
doi:

Types de publication

Case Reports

Langues

eng

Pagination

203-205

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2020; Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Source of support: Nil Conflict of interest: None

Références

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pubmed: 9093309
Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1993 Jun;53(6):643-50
pubmed: 8513656
Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl. 1992;369:7-13
pubmed: 1471556
Indian Pediatr. 2013 Sep;50(9):887-8
pubmed: 24096851
Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci. 2017 Feb 28;15(1):68-69
pubmed: 28138114

Auteurs

Kapil Bhalla (K)

Department of Pediatrics, Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India.

Kundan Mittal (K)

Department of Pediatrics, Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India.

Ashish Gupta (A)

Department of Cardiology, Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India.

Deepak Nehra (D)

Department of Pharmacology, Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India.

Classifications MeSH