A Healthy Heart and a Healthy Brain: Looking at Mitophagy.
autophagy
cardiovascular disorders
mitochondrial
mitophagy
neurodegenerative diseases
Journal
Frontiers in cell and developmental biology
ISSN: 2296-634X
Titre abrégé: Front Cell Dev Biol
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101630250
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2020
2020
Historique:
received:
30
01
2020
accepted:
06
04
2020
entrez:
22
5
2020
pubmed:
22
5
2020
medline:
22
5
2020
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a hallmark of aging and is a major contributor to neurodegenerative diseases and various cardiovascular disorders. Mitophagy, a specialized autophagic pathway to remove damaged mitochondria, provides a critical mechanism to maintain mitochondrial quality. This function has been implicated in a tissue's ability to appropriately respond to metabolic and to bioenergetic stress, as well as to recover from mitochondrial damage. A global decline in mitophagic flux has been postulated to be linked to pathological alterations that occur in the heart and the brain as well as a general age-dependent decline in organ function. Cellular observation suggests multiple mechanistically distinct pathways converge upon and activate mitophagy. Over the past decade, additional molecular components within mitophagy have been discovered, including several disease-associated genes that are functionally implicated in mitophagy. However, the pathophysiological role of mitophagy, and how it is regulated within normal physiology or various disease states, is less well established. Here, we will review the evidence that a decline in mitophagy contributes to impaired mitochondrial homeostasis and may be particularly detrimental to postmitotic neurons and cardiomyocytes. We will discuss mitophagy's pathological significance in both neurodegenerative diseases and cardiovascular disorders. Additionally, signaling pathways regulating mitophagy are reviewed, with emphasis placed on how these pathways might contribute to disease progression. Understanding mitophagy's role in the mechanisms of disease pathogenesis should allow for the development of more efficient strategies to battle pathological conditions associated with mitochondrial dysfunction.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32435642
doi: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00294
pmc: PMC7218083
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
294Subventions
Organisme : NHLBI NIH HHS
ID : K22 HL135051
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2020 Luo, Zhang, Krigman, McAdams, Ozgen and Sun.
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