Hippocampal Volume in Psychiatric Diagnoses: Should Psychiatry Biomarker Research Account for Comorbidities?

alcohol use disorder amygdala volume borderline personality disorder brain morphometry comorbidity hippocampus volume major depressive disorder posttraumatic stress disorder psychiatry research

Journal

Chronic stress (Thousand Oaks, Calif.)
ISSN: 2470-5470
Titre abrégé: Chronic Stress (Thousand Oaks)
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101701229

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
Historique:
received: 02 01 2020
accepted: 24 01 2020
entrez: 23 5 2020
pubmed: 23 5 2020
medline: 23 5 2020
Statut: epublish

Résumé

Many research papers claim that patients with specific psychiatric disorders (major depressive disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, borderline personality disorder, alcohol use disorder, and others) have smaller hippocampi, but most of those reports compared patients to healthy controls. We hypothesized that if psychiatrically matched controls (psychiatric control, matched for demographics and psychiatric comorbidities) were used, much of the biomarker literature in psychiatric research would not replicate. We used hippocampus and amygdala volume only as examples, as these are very commonly replicated results in psychiatry biomarker research. We propose that psychiatry biomarker research could benefit from using psychiatric controls, as the use of healthy controls results in data that are not disorder-specific. Hippocampus/amygdala volumes were compared between major depressive disorder, sex-/age-/race-matched healthy control, and psychiatric control (N = 126/group). Similar comparisons were performed for posttraumatic stress disorder (N = 67), borderline personality disorder (N = 111), and alcohol use disorder (N = 136). Major depressive disorder patients had smaller left (p = 8.79 × 10 When psychiatric controls were used, there was no difference in hippocampal or amygdalar volume between any of the diagnoses studied and controls. This strategy (keeping all possible relevant variables matched between experimental groups) has been used to advance science for hundreds of years, and we propose should also be used in biomarker psychiatry research.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Many research papers claim that patients with specific psychiatric disorders (major depressive disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, borderline personality disorder, alcohol use disorder, and others) have smaller hippocampi, but most of those reports compared patients to healthy controls. We hypothesized that if psychiatrically matched controls (psychiatric control, matched for demographics and psychiatric comorbidities) were used, much of the biomarker literature in psychiatric research would not replicate. We used hippocampus and amygdala volume only as examples, as these are very commonly replicated results in psychiatry biomarker research. We propose that psychiatry biomarker research could benefit from using psychiatric controls, as the use of healthy controls results in data that are not disorder-specific.
METHOD METHODS
Hippocampus/amygdala volumes were compared between major depressive disorder, sex-/age-/race-matched healthy control, and psychiatric control (N = 126/group). Similar comparisons were performed for posttraumatic stress disorder (N = 67), borderline personality disorder (N = 111), and alcohol use disorder (N = 136).
RESULTS RESULTS
Major depressive disorder patients had smaller left (p = 8.79 × 10
CONCLUSION CONCLUSIONS
When psychiatric controls were used, there was no difference in hippocampal or amygdalar volume between any of the diagnoses studied and controls. This strategy (keeping all possible relevant variables matched between experimental groups) has been used to advance science for hundreds of years, and we propose should also be used in biomarker psychiatry research.

Identifiants

pubmed: 32440605
doi: 10.1177/2470547020906799
pii: 10.1177_2470547020906799
pmc: PMC7219869
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Pagination

2470547020906799

Subventions

Organisme : RRD VA
ID : I21 RX002588
Pays : United States

Informations de copyright

© The Author(s) 2020.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

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Auteurs

Savannah N Gosnell (SN)

Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.

Matthew J Meyer (MJ)

School of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.

Cassandra Jennings (C)

Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.

Danna Ramirez (D)

Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA.

Jake Schmidt (J)

EOG Resources-Data Science, Houston, TX, USA.

John Oldham (J)

Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
The Menninger Clinic, Houston, TX, USA.

Ramiro Salas (R)

Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
The Menninger Clinic, Houston, TX, USA.
Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases, Michael E DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA.

Classifications MeSH