Impact of anti-immigrant rhetoric and policies on frontline health and social service providers in Southeast Michigan, U.S.A.
Adult
Compassion Fatigue
/ epidemiology
Emigrants and Immigrants
/ psychology
Female
Health Personnel
/ psychology
Hispanic or Latino
/ psychology
Humans
Interviews as Topic
Male
Mental Health
Michigan
/ epidemiology
Policy
Politics
Safety-net Providers
/ organization & administration
Social Workers
/ psychology
Stress, Psychological
/ epidemiology
United States
/ epidemiology
health and social services
immigration
secondary trauma stress
Journal
Health & social care in the community
ISSN: 1365-2524
Titre abrégé: Health Soc Care Community
Pays: England
ID NLM: 9306359
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
11 2020
11 2020
Historique:
received:
03
11
2019
revised:
02
03
2020
accepted:
01
04
2020
pubmed:
29
5
2020
medline:
25
5
2021
entrez:
29
5
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Rising hostility towards immigrants characterised the 2016 Presidential election in the United States (US) and subsequent policy priorities by the new presidential administration. The political shift towards aggressive policies targeting undocumented immigrants is far-reaching and extends into other communities that convive con-or coexist with-immigrant communities. Our study aims to examine the rippling effects of these anti-immigrant policies and rhetoric on health and social service providers in Southeast Michigan who predominantly serve Latino immigrants. Between April and August 2018, we conducted in-depth individual interviews in two Federally Qualified Health Centers and a non-profit social service agency at a county health department. We interviewed 28 frontline health and social service providers. After coding and thematic analyses, we found that staff members' experiences in supporting immigrant clients was congruent with definitions of secondary trauma stress and compassion fatigue, whereby exposure to clients' trauma combined with job burden subsequently impacted the mental health of providers. Major themes included: (a) frontline staff experienced a mental and emotional burden in providing services to immigrant clients given the restrictive anti-immigrant context; and (b) this burden was exacerbated by the increased difficulties in providing these services to their clients. Staff described psychological and emotional distress stemming from exposure to clients' immigration-related trauma and increased mental health needs. This distress was exacerbated by an increased demand to meet clients' needs, which involved explaining or translating documents into English, assisting with legal paperwork, referring clients to mental health resources, addressing increased transportation barriers, and reestablishing trust with the community. Our findings add qualitative data on the mental health implications for frontline providers who support Latino immigrant clients impacted by immigration and highlights the need for further research and resources that address the workplace-related stress generated by heightened immigration enforcement.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
2004-2012Subventions
Organisme : University of Michigan Poverty Solutions and Michigan Institute for Clinical & Health Research
ID : UL1TR002240.
Informations de copyright
© 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Références
Adams, R. E., Boscarino, J. A., & Figley, C. R. (2006). Compassion fatigue and psychological distress among social workers: A validation study. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 76, 103-108. https://doi.org/10.1037/0002-9432.76.1.103
Akinsulure-Smith, A. M., Espinosa, A., Chu, T., & Hallock, R. (2018). Secondary traumatic stress and burnout among refugee resettlement workers: The role of coping and emotional intelligence. Journal of Trauma Stress, 31, 202-212. https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.22279
Beck, C. T. (2011). Secondary traumatic stress in nurses: A systematic review. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 25, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2010.05.005
Bell, H., Kulkarni, S., & Dalton, L. (2003). Organizational prevention of vicarious trauma. Families in Society, 84, 463-470. https://doi.org/10.1606/1044-3894.131
Bober, T., & Regehr, C. (2006). Strategies for reducing secondary or vicarious trauma: Do they work? Brief Treatment and Crisis Intervention, 6, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1093/brief-treatment/mhj001
Carlton, J., Ramey, C., & Lazo, A. (2019). Large-scale immigration raids fail to materialize. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved from https://www.wsj.com/articles/immigration-enforcement-raids-begin-in-new-york-11563062969
Center for Migration Studies. (2019). President Trump’s executive orders on immigration and refugees. Retrieved from https://cmsny.org/trumps-executive-orders-immigration-refugees/
Cheung, C. K., & Chow, E. O. W. (2011). Reciprocal influences between burnout and effectiveness in professional care for elders. Social Work in Health Care, 50, 694-718. https://doi.org/10.1080/00981389.2011.58042
Cieslak, R., Shoji, K., Douglas, A., Zukowska, K., Luszczynska, A., & Benight, C. C.. (2013). A meta-analysis of the relationship between job burnout and secondary traumatic stress among workers with indirect exposure to trauma. Psychological Services, 11, 75-86. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0033798
Conrad, D., & Kellar-Guenther, Y. (2006). Compassion fatigue, burnout, and compassion satisfaction among Colorado child protection workers. Child Abuse & Neglect, 30, 1071-1080. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2006.03.009
Department of Homeland Security. (2017). Notice of availability for memorandum on rescission of deferred action for childhood arrivals. Washington DC. Retrieved from https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2017/09/18/2017-19794/notice-of-availability-for-memorandum-on-rescission-of-deferred-action-for-childhood-arrivals
Executive Order No. 13768, 82 Federal Register 8799. (2017). Enhancing Public Safety in the Interior of the United States. Retrieved from https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2017/01/30/2017-02102/enhancing-public-safety-in-the-interior-of-the-united-states
Ferguson, W. J., Cashman, S. B., Savageau, J. A. et al. (2009). Thirty years of family medicine residency training: Characteristics associated with practice in a health professions shortage area. Journal of Family Medicine, 41, 405-410.
Figley, C. R. (2002). Compassion fatigue: Psychologists’ chronic lack of self care. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 58, 1433-1441. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.10090
Figley, C. R., & Kleber, R. J. (1995). Beyond the “victim”: Secondary traumatic stress. In R. J. Kleber, C. R. Figley, & B. P. R. Gersons (Eds.), Beyond trauma: Cultural and societal dynamics (pp. 75-98). New York, NY: Plenum Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9421-2_5
Figley, C. R., & Stamm, B. H. (1996). Psychometric review of Compassion Fatigue Self Test. In B. H. Stamm (Ed.), Measurement of stress, trauma, and adaptation (pp. 129-130). Lutherville, MD: Sidran.
Fleming, P. J., Lopez, W. D., Mesa, H., Rion, R., Rabinowitz, E., Bryce, R., & Doshi, M. (2019). A qualitative study on the impact of the 2016 US election on the health of immigrant families in Southeast Michigan. BMC Public Health, 19, 947. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-7290-3
Gusterson, H. (2017). From Brexit to Trump: Anthropology and the rise of nationalist populism. American Ethnologist, 44, 209-214. https://doi.org/10.1111/amet.12469
Israel, B. A., Schulz, A. J., Parker, E. A., & Becker, A. B. (2008). Critical issues in developing and following community-based participatory research principles community-based participatory research for health, San Francisco, CA : Jossey-Bass.
Kim, E., Hogge, I., & Salvisberg, C. (2014). Effects of self-esteem and ethnic identity: Acculturative stress and psychological well-being among Mexican immigrants. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 36, 144-163. https://doi.org/10.1177/0739986314527733
Krieger, N., Huynh, M., Li, W., Waterman, P. D., & Van Wye, G. (2018). Severe sociopolitical stressors and preterm births in New York City: 1 September 2015 to 31 August 2017. Journal of Epidemiol Community Health, 72, 1147-1152. https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2018-211077
Lopez, W. D., Kruger, D. J., Delva, J., Llanes, M., Ledón, C., Waller, A., … Israel, B. (2017). Health implications of an immigration raid: Findings from a Latino community in the Midwestern United States. Journal of Immigrant Minority Health, 19, 702-708. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-016-0390-6
Lusk, M., & Terrazas, S. (2015). Secondary Trauma Among Caregivers Who Work With Mexican and Central American Refugees. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 37, 257-273. https://doi.org/10.1177/0739986315578842
Luszczynska, A., Benight, C. C., & Cieslak, R. (2009). Self-efficacy and health-related outcomes of collective trauma: A systematic review. European Psychologist, 14, 51-62. https://doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040.14.1.51
Marsella, A. J. (2010). Ethnocultural aspects of PTSD: An overview of concepts, issues and treatments. Traumatology, 16, 17-26. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534765610388062
Medina, J., & Jordan, M. (2017). A broader sweep: a day in the field with immigration enforcers in California. The New York times. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/07/21/us/immigration-enforcement-california-trump.html
Moses, J. W. (2009). The Politics of Immigration: Introduction to a Special Issue on US Immigration. European Journal of American Studies, 4(3), https://doi.org/10.4000/ejas.7715
Nichol Cruz, V., LeBrón, A. M. W., & Pedraza, F. I. (2018). Policing us sick: The health of Latinos in an era of heightened deportations and racialized policing. Political Science and Politics, 51, 293-297. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1049096517002384
Novak, N. L., Geronimus, A. T., & Martinez-Cardoso, A. M. (2017). Change in birth outcomes among infants born to Latina mothers after a major immigration raid. International Journal of Epidemiology, 46, 839-849.
Pedraza, F. I., Nichols Cruz, V., & LeBrón, A. M. W. (2017). Cautious citizenship: The deterring effect of immigration issue salience on health care use and bureaucratic interactions among Latino US citizens”. Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law, 42, 925-960. https://doi.org/10.1215/03616878-3940486
Pew Research Center. (2016). U.S. Unauthorized immigration population estimates. Pew Research Center. Retrieved from http://www.pewhispanic.org/interactives/unauthorized-immigrants/
Pierce, S., Bolter, J., & Selee, A. (2018). U.S. immigration policy under trump: Deep changes and lasting impacts. Washington, DC: Migration Policy Institute.
Philbin, M., Flake, M., Hatzenbuehler, M. L., & Hirsch, J. S. (2018). State-level immigration and immigrant-focused policies as drivers of Latino health disparities in the United States. Social Science & Medicine, 199, 29-38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.04.007
Reilly, K. (2016). Here are all the times Donald Trump insulted Mexico. Time. Retrieved from https://time.com/4473972/donald-trump-mexico-meeting-insult/
Thorne, S. (2016). Interpretive description: Qualitative research for applied practice, New York, NY: Routledge.
Thorne, S., Kirkham, S. R., & MacDonald-Emes, J. (1997). Interpretive description: A noncategorical qualitative alternative for developing nursing knowledge. Research in Nursing & Health, 20, 169-177. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1098-240X(199704)20:2<169:AID-NUR9>3.0.CO;2-I
U.S. Department of Justice. (2018). Matter of A-B-, Respondent. Retrieved from https://www.justice.gov/eoir/page/file/1070866/download
Williams, D. R., & Medlock, M. M. (2017). Health effects of dramatic societal events - ramifications of the recent presidential election. New England Journal of Medicine, 376, 2295-2299. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMms1702111