Pretreatment with Retro-2 protects cells from death caused by ricin toxin by retaining the capacity of protein synthesis.
Animals
Antitoxins
/ pharmacology
Benzamides
/ pharmacology
Cell Death
/ drug effects
Cell Line
/ drug effects
Chemical Warfare Agents
/ toxicity
Macrophages
/ drug effects
Mice
Neuromuscular Junction Diseases
/ prevention & control
Protective Agents
/ pharmacology
Protein Biosynthesis
/ drug effects
Ricin
/ toxicity
Thiophenes
/ pharmacology
Retro-2
cell viability
endoplasmic reticulum stress
protein synthesis
ricin toxin
Journal
Journal of applied toxicology : JAT
ISSN: 1099-1263
Titre abrégé: J Appl Toxicol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 8109495
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
10 2020
10 2020
Historique:
received:
19
12
2019
revised:
14
04
2020
accepted:
19
04
2020
pubmed:
1
6
2020
medline:
3
11
2021
entrez:
1
6
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The current study explores the detoxification effect of Retro-2 on ricin toxin (RT) cytotoxicity, as well as the mechanisms underlying such effects, to provide a basis for follow-up clinical applications of Retro-2. The mouse-derived mononuclear/macrophage cell line, RAW264.7, was used to evaluate the detoxification effect of Retro-2 on RT by detecting cell viability, capacity for protein synthesis and the expression of cytokines, as well as endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-related mRNA. The results indicated that many cells died when challenged with concentrations of RT ≥50ng/mL. The protein synthesis capacity of cells decreased when challenged with 200ng/mL RT for 2hours. Furthermore, the synthesis and release of many cytokines decreased, while the expression of cytokines or ERS-related mRNA increased when challenged with 200ng/mL of RT for 12 or more hours. However, cell viability, capacity for protein synthesis and release levels of many cytokines were higher, while the expression levels of cytokine, or ERS-related mRNA, were lower in cells pretreated with 20μm Retro-2 and challenged with RT, compared with those that had not been pretreated with Retro-2. In conclusion, Retro-2 retained the capacity for protein synthesis inhibited by RT, alleviated ERS induced by RT and increased the viability of cells challenged with RT. Retro-2 shows the potential for clinical applications.
Substances chimiques
Antitoxins
0
Benzamides
0
Chemical Warfare Agents
0
Protective Agents
0
Thiophenes
0
Ricin
9009-86-3
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1440-1450Informations de copyright
© 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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