A Naturally Derived Carrier for Photodynamic Treatment of Squamous Cell Carcinoma: In Vitro and In Vivo Models.
3D spheroid cell culture
apoptosis
chick chorioallantoic membrane assay
chlorophyll derivatives
drug carrier
photodynamic therapy
reactive oxygen species
singlet oxygen
squamous cell carcinoma
tumor xenograft
Journal
Pharmaceutics
ISSN: 1999-4923
Titre abrégé: Pharmaceutics
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101534003
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
29 May 2020
29 May 2020
Historique:
received:
07
05
2020
revised:
23
05
2020
accepted:
25
05
2020
entrez:
4
6
2020
pubmed:
4
6
2020
medline:
4
6
2020
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a non-invasive treatment strategy that includes the combination of three components-a photosensitizer, a light source, and tissue oxygen. PDT can be used for the treatment of skin diseases such as squamous cell carcinoma. The photosensitizer used in this study is the naturally derived chlorophyll derivative chlorin e6 (Ce6), which was encapsulated in ultradeformable ethosomes. Singlet oxygen production by Ce6 upon laser light irradiation was not significantly affected by encapsulation into ethosomes. PDT of squamous cell carcinoma cells treated with Ce6 ethosomes triggered increased mitochondrial superoxide levels and increased caspase 3/7 activity, resulting in concentration- and light-dose-dependent cytotoxicity. Ce6 ethosomes showed good penetration into 3D squamous cell carcinoma spheroids, which upon laser light irradiation exhibited reduced size, proliferation, and viability. The PDT effect of Ce6 ethosomes was specific and showed higher cytotoxicity against squamous cell carcinoma spheroids compared to normal skin fibroblast spheroids. In addition, PDT treatment of squamous cell carcinoma xenografts grown on chorioallantoic membranes of chick eggs (CAM) exhibited reduced expression of Ki-67 proliferation marker and increased terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) staining, indicating reduced proliferation and activation of apoptosis, respectively. The results demonstrate that Ce6-loaded ethosomes represent a convenient formulation for photodynamic treatment of squamous cell carcinoma.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32485800
pii: pharmaceutics12060494
doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12060494
pmc: PMC7355629
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
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