Impact of routine vaccination against
Journal
Journal of global health
ISSN: 2047-2986
Titre abrégé: J Glob Health
Pays: Scotland
ID NLM: 101578780
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Jun 2020
Jun 2020
Historique:
entrez:
9
6
2020
pubmed:
9
6
2020
medline:
5
3
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
In 1997, The Gambia introduced three primary doses of In WCR, population-based surveillance for Hib meningitis was re-established in children aged under-10 years from 24 December 2014 to 31 March 2017, using conventional microbiology and Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). In BHDSS, population-based surveillance for Hib disease was conducted in children aged 2-59 months from 12 May 2008 to 31 December 2017 using conventional microbiology only. Hib carriage survey was carried out in pre-school and school children from July 2015 to November 2016. In WCR, five Hib meningitis cases were detected using conventional microbiology while another 14 were detected by RT-PCR. Of the 19 cases, two (11%) were too young to be protected by vaccination while seven (37%) were unvaccinated. Using conventional microbiology, the incidence of Hib meningitis per 100 000-child-year (CY) in children aged 1-59 months was 0.7 in 2015 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.0-3.7) and 2.7 (95% CI = 0.7-7.0) in 2016. In BHDSS, 25 Hib cases were reported. Nine (36%) were too young to be protected by vaccination and five (20%) were under-vaccinated for age. Disease incidence peaked in 2012-2013 at 15 per 100 000 CY and fell to 5-8 per 100 000 CY over the subsequent four years. The prevalence of Hib carriage was 0.12% in WCR and 0.38% in BHDSS. After 20 years of using three primary doses of Hib vaccine without a booster Hib transmission continues in The Gambia, albeit at low rates. Improved coverage and timeliness of vaccination are of high priority for Hib disease in settings like Gambia, and there are currently no clear indications of a need for a booster dose.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
In 1997, The Gambia introduced three primary doses of
METHODS
METHODS
In WCR, population-based surveillance for Hib meningitis was re-established in children aged under-10 years from 24 December 2014 to 31 March 2017, using conventional microbiology and Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). In BHDSS, population-based surveillance for Hib disease was conducted in children aged 2-59 months from 12 May 2008 to 31 December 2017 using conventional microbiology only. Hib carriage survey was carried out in pre-school and school children from July 2015 to November 2016.
RESULTS
RESULTS
In WCR, five Hib meningitis cases were detected using conventional microbiology while another 14 were detected by RT-PCR. Of the 19 cases, two (11%) were too young to be protected by vaccination while seven (37%) were unvaccinated. Using conventional microbiology, the incidence of Hib meningitis per 100 000-child-year (CY) in children aged 1-59 months was 0.7 in 2015 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.0-3.7) and 2.7 (95% CI = 0.7-7.0) in 2016. In BHDSS, 25 Hib cases were reported. Nine (36%) were too young to be protected by vaccination and five (20%) were under-vaccinated for age. Disease incidence peaked in 2012-2013 at 15 per 100 000 CY and fell to 5-8 per 100 000 CY over the subsequent four years. The prevalence of Hib carriage was 0.12% in WCR and 0.38% in BHDSS.
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
After 20 years of using three primary doses of Hib vaccine without a booster Hib transmission continues in The Gambia, albeit at low rates. Improved coverage and timeliness of vaccination are of high priority for Hib disease in settings like Gambia, and there are currently no clear indications of a need for a booster dose.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32509291
doi: 10.7189/jogh.10.010416
pii: jogh-10-010416
pmc: PMC7243067
doi:
Substances chimiques
Vaccines, Conjugate
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
010416Subventions
Organisme : Medical Research Council
ID : MC_UP_A900_1118
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : Medical Research Council
ID : MR/R010161/1
Pays : United Kingdom
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2020 by the Journal of Global Health. All rights reserved.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Competing interests: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form at http://www.icmje.org/disclosure.pdf (available upon request from the corresponding author) and declare no conflicts of interest.
Références
J Clin Microbiol. 2007 Aug;45(8):2460-6
pubmed: 17537936
PLoS Med. 2012 Jan;9(1):e1001161
pubmed: 22272192
J Pediatr. 2013 Jul;163(1 Suppl):S4-7
pubmed: 23773593
Vaccine. 2012 Jan 5;30(2):486-92
pubmed: 22085550
Lancet Glob Health. 2016 Mar;4(3):e185-94
pubmed: 26853149
Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2010 Oct;17(10):1639-41
pubmed: 20719986
Lancet. 2003 May 3;361(9368):1523-4
pubmed: 12737867
Adv Prev Med. 2018 Dec 11;2018:9364757
pubmed: 30643649
JAMA. 2000 Nov 8;284(18):2334-40
pubmed: 11066183
J Pediatr. 2013 Jul;163(1 Suppl):S8-S11
pubmed: 23773599
Lancet Glob Health. 2018 Jul;6(7):e744-e757
pubmed: 29903376
Lancet Infect Dis. 2016 Jun;16(6):703-711
pubmed: 26897105
Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2015 May;34(5):e107-12
pubmed: 25879650
Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1994 Nov;13(11):975-82
pubmed: 7845751
Vaccine. 2012 Jan 11;30(3):565-71
pubmed: 22119925
Open Forum Infect Dis. 2019 Jul 27;6(9):ofz332
pubmed: 31660408
Clin Infect Dis. 2013 Dec;57(11):1527-34
pubmed: 24046305
Vaccine. 2007 Aug 21;25(34):6305-9
pubmed: 17630053
Int J Med Microbiol. 2011 Apr;301(4):303-9
pubmed: 21276750
Int J Pediatr. 2011;2011:825123
pubmed: 21785610
Lancet. 2005 Jul 9-15;366(9480):144-50
pubmed: 16005337