Electrolyte Disorders Induced by Antineoplastic Drugs.
antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
antineoplastic drug exposure
electrolytes abnormalities
renal tubulopathies
tumor lysis syndrome
Journal
Frontiers in oncology
ISSN: 2234-943X
Titre abrégé: Front Oncol
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101568867
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2020
2020
Historique:
received:
28
12
2019
accepted:
22
04
2020
entrez:
9
6
2020
pubmed:
9
6
2020
medline:
9
6
2020
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
The use of antineoplastic drugs has a central role in treatment of patients affected by cancer but is often associated with numerous electrolyte derangements which, in many cases, could represent life-threatening conditions. In fact, while several anti-cancer agents can interfere with kidney function leading to acute kidney injury, proteinuria, and hypertension, in many cases alterations of electrolyte tubular handling and water balance occur. This review summarizes the mechanisms underlying the disturbances of sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, and phosphate metabolism during anti-cancer treatment. Platinum compounds are associated with sodium, potassium, and magnesium derangements while alkylating agents and Vinca alkaloids with hyponatremia due to syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). Novel anti-neoplastic agents, such as targeted therapies (monoclonal antibodies, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, immunomodulators, mammalian target of rapamycin), can induce SIADH-related hyponatremia and, less frequently, urinary sodium loss. The blockade of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) by anti-EGFR antibodies can result in clinically significant magnesium and potassium losses. Finally, the tumor lysis syndrome is associated with hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia and hyperkalemia, all of which represent serious complications of chemotherapy. Thus, clinicians should be aware of these side effects of antineoplastic drugs, in order to set out preventive measures and start appropriate treatments.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32509580
doi: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00779
pmc: PMC7248368
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
779Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2020 Verzicco, Regolisti, Quaini, Bocchi, Brusasco, Ferrari, Passeri, Cannone, Coghi, Fiaccadori, Vignali, Volpi and Cabassi.
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