Ophthalmologic examinations under the acute influence of alcohol.

Alcohol is the most widely used recreational drug in Western countries. It affects the psychophysical performance in different ways, e.g. by reducing cognitive functions, causing coordination disturbances or impairing vision. Visual impairments both concern oculomotor and visual sensory functions, such as decreased mesopic vision, decreased field of vision and an increase of saccadic eye movements. During cycling trials with alcoholised test persons, repeated measurements of (1.) the time needed to read a 50-word text, (2.) the time to perform a swing test by tenfold touching the moving fingertip of the examiner, and (3.) the amplitude of fusion were carried out. The results of these tests were further evaluated to test the hypothesis that impaired vision is significantly correlated to reduced cycling performances of alcoholised persons. In a second step, it was examined which test is most useful to identify alcohol intoxicated cyclists. The ophthalmologic examination results of the groups of best and worst cycling-performing test persons at blood alcohol levels between 0.10% and 0.15% were set into relation to the documented allocated demerits. Additionally, the individual results of these persons were compared to the state of soberness. The time needed to read a 50-word text significantly correlated with the cycling performance. As this is an easy and objective test, it might contribute to a synoptic evaluation of the psychophysical performance of a drunken cyclist.

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Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.