Finite Element Analysis of Changes in Tensile Strain by Airsoft Gun Impact on Eye and Deformation Rate in Eyes of Various Axial Lengths.
airsoft gun
cornea
deformation
finite element analysis
globe
rupture
Journal
Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)
ISSN: 1177-5467
Titre abrégé: Clin Ophthalmol
Pays: New Zealand
ID NLM: 101321512
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2020
2020
Historique:
entrez:
18
6
2020
pubmed:
18
6
2020
medline:
18
6
2020
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
We have carried out three-dimensional finite element analysis (FEA) to determine the physical and mechanical response in several ocular injuries. We applied this FEA model to evaluate an airsoft gun impact on an eye and the deformation rate of eyes of various axial lengths at various velocities. This study was carried out on a human eye model using an FEA program created by Nihon, ESI Group. The airsoft gun pellet was set to impact the eye at initial velocities of 45, 60 and 75 m/s with the addition of variation in axial length of 20 mm (hyperopia), 22 mm (emmetropia), 24 mm (myopia) and 26 mm (high myopia). Deformation of the eye was calculated as the decrease rate of the volume of the eyeball and the decrease rate of the axial length. In all emmetropic cases, the cornea reached its strain threshold during the impact, and scleral strain showed a patchy strength distribution in the simulation. The deformation was most evident in the anterior segment, while deformation of the posterior segment was less. The decrease rate of the volume of the eyeball and decrease rate of the axial length were highest in the hyperopic eye, followed by the emmetropic eye and myopic eye, and the high myopic eye showed the lowest decrease rates among the four axial lengths in all impact velocity simulations. These results suggest that hyperopic eyes are most susceptible to deformation by an airsoft gun impact compared with other axial length eye models in this simulation. The considerable deformation by an airsoft gun impact shown in this study might indicate the necessity of ocular protection to avoid permanent eye injury. FEA using a human eyeball model might be a useful method to analyze and predict the mechanical features of ocular injury by an airsoft gun.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32546952
doi: 10.2147/OPTH.S249483
pii: 249483
pmc: PMC7266397
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Pagination
1445-1450Informations de copyright
© 2020 Takahashi et al.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors report no conflict of interest in this work.
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