Charcot, Janet, and French Models of Psychopathology.
Charcot
History of psychology
Hypnotism
Hysteria
Janet
La Salpêtrière
Psychic automatism
Psychopathology
Subconscious
Journal
European neurology
ISSN: 1421-9913
Titre abrégé: Eur Neurol
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 0150760
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2020
2020
Historique:
received:
19
02
2020
accepted:
25
04
2020
pubmed:
20
6
2020
medline:
19
3
2021
entrez:
20
6
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Jean-Martin Charcot (1825-1893), thanks to his insight as a clinician can be said to be one of the precursors of scientific psychology. Charcot's 30 years of activity at La Salpêtrière hospital display an intellectual trajectory that decisively changed the idea of human psychology by favouring the emergence of two concepts: the subconscious and the unconscious. It was his collaboration with Pierre Janet (1859-1947), a philosopher turned physician, that led to this evolution, relying on the search for hysteria's aetiology, using hypnosis as a method of exploration. Focusing on clinical psychology that was experimental and observational, Janet built a theory of psychic automatism, "the involuntary exercise of memory and intelligence" leading to "independence of the faculties, freed from personal power." From all that came the idea of the subconscious, a functioning as a passive mental mechanism, resulting from a more or less temporary dissociation of previously associated mental content.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32554964
pii: 000508267
doi: 10.1159/000508267
doi:
Types de publication
Biography
Historical Article
Journal Article
Portrait
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
333-340Sujets (noms de personnes)
{'last_name': 'Charcot', 'fore_name': 'Jean-Martin', 'initials': 'J'}
{'last_name': 'Janet', 'fore_name': 'Pierre', 'initials': 'P'}
Informations de copyright
© 2020 S. Karger AG, Basel.