High concentrations of urinary ethanol metabolites in neonatal intensive care unit infants.
Biomarkers
Chromatography, Liquid
Ethanol
/ adverse effects
Female
Glucuronates
/ urine
Hand Sanitizers
/ adverse effects
Humans
Incubators
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Infant, Premature
/ urine
Intensive Care Units, Neonatal
Intensive Care, Neonatal
/ methods
Male
Mass Spectrometry
Sulfuric Acid Esters
/ urine
Journal
Pediatric research
ISSN: 1530-0447
Titre abrégé: Pediatr Res
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0100714
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
12 2020
12 2020
Historique:
received:
29
10
2019
accepted:
28
05
2020
revised:
04
05
2020
pubmed:
21
6
2020
medline:
6
11
2021
entrez:
21
6
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Infants in the neonatal intensive care unit may be exposed to ethanol via medications that contain ethanol as an excipient and through inhalation of ethanol vapor from hand sanitizers. We hypothesized that both pathways of exposure would result in elevated urinary biomarkers of ethanol. Urine samples were collected from infants in incubators and in open cribs. Two ethanol metabolites, ethyl sulfate (EtS) and ethyl glucuronide (EtG), were quantified in infants' urine. A subset of infants both in incubators and open cribs had ethanol biomarkers greater than the cutoff concentration that identifies adult alcohol consumption. These concentrations were associated with the infant having received an ethanol-containing medication on the day of urine collection. When infants who received an ethanol-containing medication were excluded from analysis, there was no difference in ethanol biomarker concentrations between the incubator and crib groups. Some infants who received ethanol-containing medications had concentrations of ethanol biomarkers that are indicative of adult alcohol consumption, suggesting potential exposure via ethanol excipients. Infants and newborns in the neonatal intensive care unit are exposed to concerning amounts of ethanol. No one has shown exposure to ethanol in these infants before this study. The impact is that better understanding of the excipients in medications given to patients in the NICU is needed. When physicians order medications in the NICU, the amount of excipient needs to be indicated.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Infants in the neonatal intensive care unit may be exposed to ethanol via medications that contain ethanol as an excipient and through inhalation of ethanol vapor from hand sanitizers. We hypothesized that both pathways of exposure would result in elevated urinary biomarkers of ethanol.
METHODS
Urine samples were collected from infants in incubators and in open cribs. Two ethanol metabolites, ethyl sulfate (EtS) and ethyl glucuronide (EtG), were quantified in infants' urine.
RESULTS
A subset of infants both in incubators and open cribs had ethanol biomarkers greater than the cutoff concentration that identifies adult alcohol consumption. These concentrations were associated with the infant having received an ethanol-containing medication on the day of urine collection. When infants who received an ethanol-containing medication were excluded from analysis, there was no difference in ethanol biomarker concentrations between the incubator and crib groups.
CONCLUSIONS
Some infants who received ethanol-containing medications had concentrations of ethanol biomarkers that are indicative of adult alcohol consumption, suggesting potential exposure via ethanol excipients.
IMPACT
Infants and newborns in the neonatal intensive care unit are exposed to concerning amounts of ethanol. No one has shown exposure to ethanol in these infants before this study. The impact is that better understanding of the excipients in medications given to patients in the NICU is needed. When physicians order medications in the NICU, the amount of excipient needs to be indicated.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32563185
doi: 10.1038/s41390-020-1020-5
pii: 10.1038/s41390-020-1020-5
doi:
Substances chimiques
Biomarkers
0
Glucuronates
0
Hand Sanitizers
0
Sulfuric Acid Esters
0
ethyl glucuronide
17685-04-0
Ethanol
3K9958V90M
diethyl sulfate
K0FO4VFA7I
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
865-870Commentaires et corrections
Type : CommentIn
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