Multimodal approach of venous recanalization in patients with a critical limb ischemia due to phlegmasia cerulea dolens: A case series of 17 patients in a single center.

Advanced phlegmasia cerulea dolens can be a hazardous complication of a deep vein thrombosis and rapid recanalization of the deep venous system is the most important factor. We describe the outcome of 17 patients with critical limb ischemia due to an advanced phlegmasia cerulea dolens. Venous thrombectomy was performed by a standardized operating procedure. Venous recanalization was successful in all patients. An additional fasciotomy was not necessary. There were five patients with an underlying malignancy and eight patients with a simultaneous pulmonary embolism. We had one amputation of a forefoot and one death within 30 days representing a 30-day mortality and an amputation rate of 6%. Early recanalization and recovery of the venous outflow is mandatory for success. A multimodal therapeutic approach of high urgency surgical thrombectomy in combination with endovenous strategies could be a successful treatment option for advanced phlegmasia cerulea dolens.