The increased sensitivity of qPCR in comparison to Kato-Katz is required for the accurate assessment of the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminth infection in settings that have received multiple rounds of mass drug administration.
Ancylostoma
/ isolation & purification
Ancylostomatoidea
/ isolation & purification
Animals
Anthelmintics
/ therapeutic use
Ascaris lumbricoides
/ isolation & purification
Diagnostic Tests, Routine
Dogs
Feces
/ parasitology
Helminthiasis
/ diagnosis
Helminths
/ isolation & purification
Hookworm Infections
/ diagnosis
Humans
Mass Drug Administration
Necator americanus
/ isolation & purification
Parasite Egg Count
/ methods
Prevalence
Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
/ methods
Sensitivity and Specificity
Soil
/ parasitology
Trichuriasis
/ diagnosis
Trichuris
/ isolation & purification
Diagnostics
Kato-Katz
Monitoring and evaluation
Soil-transmitted helminths
qPCR
Journal
Parasites & vectors
ISSN: 1756-3305
Titre abrégé: Parasit Vectors
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101462774
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
24 Jun 2020
24 Jun 2020
Historique:
received:
15
11
2019
accepted:
17
06
2020
entrez:
26
6
2020
pubmed:
26
6
2020
medline:
9
2
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
The most commonly used diagnostic tool for soil-transmitted helminths (STH) is the Kato-Katz (KK) thick smear technique. However, numerous studies have suggested that the sensitivity of KK can be problematic, especially in low prevalence and low intensity settings. An emerging alternative is quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). In this study, both KK and qPCR were conducted on stool samples from 648 participants in an STH epidemiology study conducted in the delta region of Myanmar in June 2016. Prevalence of any STH was 20.68% by KK and 45.06% by qPCR. Prevalence of each individual STH was also higher by qPCR than KK, the biggest difference was for hookworm with an approximately 4-fold increase between the two diagnostic techniques. Prevalence of Ancylostoma ceylanicum, a parasite predominately found in dogs, was 4.63%, indicating that there is the possibility of zoonotic transmission in the study setting. In individuals with moderate to high intensity infections there is evidence for a linear relationship between eggs per gram (EPG) of faeces, derived from KK, and DNA copy number, derived from qPCR which is particularly strong for Ascaris lumbricoides. The use of qPCR in low prevalence settings is important to accurately assess the epidemiological situation and plan control strategies for the 'end game'. However, more work is required to accurately assess STH intensity from qPCR results and to reduce the cost of qPCR so that is widely accessible in STH endemic countries.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
The most commonly used diagnostic tool for soil-transmitted helminths (STH) is the Kato-Katz (KK) thick smear technique. However, numerous studies have suggested that the sensitivity of KK can be problematic, especially in low prevalence and low intensity settings. An emerging alternative is quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).
METHODS
METHODS
In this study, both KK and qPCR were conducted on stool samples from 648 participants in an STH epidemiology study conducted in the delta region of Myanmar in June 2016.
RESULTS
RESULTS
Prevalence of any STH was 20.68% by KK and 45.06% by qPCR. Prevalence of each individual STH was also higher by qPCR than KK, the biggest difference was for hookworm with an approximately 4-fold increase between the two diagnostic techniques. Prevalence of Ancylostoma ceylanicum, a parasite predominately found in dogs, was 4.63%, indicating that there is the possibility of zoonotic transmission in the study setting. In individuals with moderate to high intensity infections there is evidence for a linear relationship between eggs per gram (EPG) of faeces, derived from KK, and DNA copy number, derived from qPCR which is particularly strong for Ascaris lumbricoides.
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
The use of qPCR in low prevalence settings is important to accurately assess the epidemiological situation and plan control strategies for the 'end game'. However, more work is required to accurately assess STH intensity from qPCR results and to reduce the cost of qPCR so that is widely accessible in STH endemic countries.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32580759
doi: 10.1186/s13071-020-04197-w
pii: 10.1186/s13071-020-04197-w
pmc: PMC7315547
doi:
Substances chimiques
Anthelmintics
0
Soil
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
324Subventions
Organisme : Medical Research Council
ID : MR/R015600/1
Pays : United Kingdom
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