Correlates of mental health in occupations at risk for traumatization: a cross-sectional study.
Burnout
Firefighters
Locus of control
Medical staff
Occupation
Police
Posttraumatic stress
Resilience
Salutogenesis
Sense of coherence
Journal
BMC psychiatry
ISSN: 1471-244X
Titre abrégé: BMC Psychiatry
Pays: England
ID NLM: 100968559
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
25 06 2020
25 06 2020
Historique:
received:
25
02
2020
accepted:
28
05
2020
entrez:
27
6
2020
pubmed:
27
6
2020
medline:
3
11
2020
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Hospitals, police stations, and fire departments are highly demanding workplaces. Staff members are regularly exposed to various stressors including traumatic events. Correspondingly, several studies report high rates of mental health issues among these occupations. Nevertheless, despite these challenging circumstances, some staff members manage to sustain their mental health. The current study is the first to investigate three health-promoting factors simultaneously among three different, highly demanding occupations. The present cross-sectional survey investigated health-promoting factors (sense of coherence - SOC, trait-resilience, locus of control - LOC) and mental health outcomes (general psychopathological symptom burden, posttraumatic stress, burnout) in medical staff (n = 223), police officers (n = 257), and firefighters (n = 100). Among all occupations, SOC, trait-resilience, and an internal LOC were negatively associated with general psychopathological symptoms, posttraumatic stress, and burnout symptoms. By contrast, all these outcome measures were positively correlated with an external LOC. Multiple regression models including all health-promoting factors explained 56% of the variance in general psychopathological symptoms and 27% in posttraumatic stress symptoms. Among all occupations, SOC was the strongest predictor of both general psychopathological symptom burden and posttraumatic stress symptoms. Multigroup path analyses revealed minor differences across occupations, mainly driven by a stronger influence of LOC in police officers. Across all occupations, SOC was identified as the most important health-promoting factor. Future longitudinal studies should further examine the causal link between health-promoting factors and mental distress in different workplaces. Such studies will also allow for further development and evaluation of resilience promoting programs.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Hospitals, police stations, and fire departments are highly demanding workplaces. Staff members are regularly exposed to various stressors including traumatic events. Correspondingly, several studies report high rates of mental health issues among these occupations. Nevertheless, despite these challenging circumstances, some staff members manage to sustain their mental health. The current study is the first to investigate three health-promoting factors simultaneously among three different, highly demanding occupations.
METHODS
The present cross-sectional survey investigated health-promoting factors (sense of coherence - SOC, trait-resilience, locus of control - LOC) and mental health outcomes (general psychopathological symptom burden, posttraumatic stress, burnout) in medical staff (n = 223), police officers (n = 257), and firefighters (n = 100).
RESULTS
Among all occupations, SOC, trait-resilience, and an internal LOC were negatively associated with general psychopathological symptoms, posttraumatic stress, and burnout symptoms. By contrast, all these outcome measures were positively correlated with an external LOC. Multiple regression models including all health-promoting factors explained 56% of the variance in general psychopathological symptoms and 27% in posttraumatic stress symptoms. Among all occupations, SOC was the strongest predictor of both general psychopathological symptom burden and posttraumatic stress symptoms. Multigroup path analyses revealed minor differences across occupations, mainly driven by a stronger influence of LOC in police officers.
CONCLUSION
Across all occupations, SOC was identified as the most important health-promoting factor. Future longitudinal studies should further examine the causal link between health-promoting factors and mental distress in different workplaces. Such studies will also allow for further development and evaluation of resilience promoting programs.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32586338
doi: 10.1186/s12888-020-02704-y
pii: 10.1186/s12888-020-02704-y
pmc: PMC7318450
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
335Références
Pflege Z. 1994 Mar;47(3):suppl 20-30
pubmed: 8004334
Child Abuse Negl. 2020 Jan;99:104248
pubmed: 31731138
Int J Nurs Stud. 2002 Nov;39(8):785-92
pubmed: 12379296
Psychosom Med. 1979 May;41(3):209-18
pubmed: 472086
J Police Crim Psychol. 2018 Sep;33(3):271-282
pubmed: 31024192
Front Psychiatry. 2018 Dec 18;9:695
pubmed: 30618870
JAMA Psychiatry. 2017 Mar 1;74(3):270-281
pubmed: 28055082
Stress Health. 2014 Dec;30(5):405-15
pubmed: 25476965
J Anxiety Disord. 2014 Mar;28(2):223-9
pubmed: 24291397
Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2000;13(4):299-305
pubmed: 11276843
BMC Psychiatry. 2019 Mar 11;19(1):89
pubmed: 30866860
Trauma Violence Abuse. 2005 Jul;6(3):195-216
pubmed: 16237155
Soc Sci Med. 1993 Mar;36(6):725-33
pubmed: 8480217
Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2011 Mar;24(1):29-35
pubmed: 21468900
Psychol Monogr. 1966;80(1):1-28
pubmed: 5340840
Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2005;18(3):233-40
pubmed: 16411561
Soc Sci Med. 1997 Jun;44(12):1771-9
pubmed: 9194239
J Affect Disord. 2014 Jun;162:128-33
pubmed: 24767017
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Apr 08;17(7):
pubmed: 32276495
Exp Neurol. 2016 Oct;284(Pt B):119-132
pubmed: 27417856
PLoS One. 2014 Feb 07;9(2):e88263
pubmed: 24516622
J Nerv Ment Dis. 2012 Oct;200(10):852-5
pubmed: 23034574
J Clin Nurs. 2018 May;27(9-10):2031-2040
pubmed: 29446168
Front Psychiatry. 2018 Aug 21;9:378
pubmed: 30186189
J Affect Disord. 2019 Jan 1;242:14-21
pubmed: 30170234
Int J Emerg Ment Health. 2013;15(4):241-53
pubmed: 24707587
Psychol Med. 2016 Jan;46(2):327-43
pubmed: 26511595
BMC Psychiatry. 2014 Aug 14;14:227
pubmed: 25266031
Br J Psychol. 1996 Feb;87 ( Pt 1):31-41
pubmed: 8852019
J Nurs Meas. 2016;24(1):28-39
pubmed: 27103241
Behav Cogn Psychother. 2014 Jul;42(4):452-63
pubmed: 23714206
J Nerv Ment Dis. 2000 Jun;188(6):333-9
pubmed: 10890341
Compr Psychiatry. 2017 Apr;74:134-143
pubmed: 28161583
Eur J Psychotraumatol. 2019 Jan 17;10(1):1562839
pubmed: 30693079
J Adult Dev. 2010 Jun;17(2):110-119
pubmed: 20502508
J Affect Disord. 2015 Sep 01;183:269-78
pubmed: 26047304
BMJ Open. 2013 Jan 24;3(1):
pubmed: 23355659
J Nurs Meas. 1993 Winter;1(2):165-78
pubmed: 7850498
Lancet. 2005 Aug 27-Sep 2;366(9487):742-4
pubmed: 16125591
Work. 2016 Feb 15;53(4):737-44
pubmed: 26890595
JAMA. 2013 Nov 27;310(20):2191-4
pubmed: 24141714
Springerplus. 2016 Oct 12;5(1):1776
pubmed: 27795918
Int J Nurs Stud. 2000 Apr;37(2):95-9
pubmed: 10684950
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2006 Jul;1071:1-18
pubmed: 16891557
Int J Ment Health Nurs. 2019 Feb;28(1):306-317
pubmed: 30156026
Compr Psychiatry. 2015 May;59:123-8
pubmed: 25744698
Am Psychol. 2004 Jan;59(1):20-8
pubmed: 14736317
Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2016 Jul;13(7):997-8
pubmed: 27388395
Stress Health. 2018 Dec;34(5):612-621
pubmed: 29882624
Res Nurs Health. 1990 Dec;13(6):393-401
pubmed: 2270304
J Trauma Stress. 2002 Apr;15(2):161-8
pubmed: 12013068
Psychiatry Res. 2018 Feb;260:486-494
pubmed: 29289832
Nurs Health Sci. 2001 Jun;3(2):69-71
pubmed: 11882180
J Anxiety Disord. 2009 Aug;23(6):767-74
pubmed: 19345556
J Gen Psychol. 1982 Jul;107(1st Half):157-8
pubmed: 7119757
Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2016 Jul;50(7):649-58
pubmed: 26607303
Int J Occup Saf Ergon. 2016;22(1):40-8
pubmed: 26651530
Front Psychiatry. 2018 Sep 19;9:440
pubmed: 30283365
Eur J Psychotraumatol. 2014 Oct 01;5:
pubmed: 25317257
Psychol Rep. 2012 Jun;110(3):743-52
pubmed: 22897081
Int J Nurs Stud. 2012 Mar;49(3):292-9
pubmed: 21974793
J Anxiety Disord. 2015 May;32:89-94
pubmed: 25890288
Intensive Crit Care Nurs. 2017 Oct;42:110-115
pubmed: 28545878
Int J Nurs Stud. 2015 Jan;52(1):240-9
pubmed: 25062805
J Epidemiol Community Health. 2006 May;60(5):376-81
pubmed: 16614325
Int J Nurs Stud. 2015 Feb;52(2):649-61
pubmed: 25468279