Neural In Vitro Models for Studying Substances Acting on the Central Nervous System.
Bioprinted neuronal models
Brain organoids
CNS disease models
Developmental neurotoxicity (DNT)
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs)
Microglia culture
Neurotoxicity (NT)
Journal
Handbook of experimental pharmacology
ISSN: 0171-2004
Titre abrégé: Handb Exp Pharmacol
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 7902231
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2021
2021
Historique:
pubmed:
1
7
2020
medline:
30
3
2021
entrez:
29
6
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Animal models have been greatly contributing to our understanding of physiology, mechanisms of diseases, and toxicity. Yet, their limitations due to, e.g., interspecies variation are reflected in the high number of drug attrition rates, especially in central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Therefore, human-based neural in vitro models for studying safety and efficacy of substances acting on the CNS are needed. Human iPSC-derived cells offer such a platform with the unique advantage of reproducing the "human context" in vitro by preserving the genetic and molecular phenotype of their donors. Guiding the differentiation of hiPSC into cells of the nervous system and combining them in a 2D or 3D format allows to obtain complex models suitable for investigating neurotoxicity or brain-related diseases with patient-derived cells. This chapter will give an overview over stem cell-based human 2D neuronal and mixed neuronal/astrocyte models, in vitro cultures of microglia, as well as CNS disease models and considers new developments in the field, more specifically the use of brain organoids and 3D bioprinted in vitro models for safety and efficacy evaluation.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32594299
doi: 10.1007/164_2020_367
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
111-141Références
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