On-chip coherent microwave-to-optical transduction mediated by ytterbium in YVO


Journal

Nature communications
ISSN: 2041-1723
Titre abrégé: Nat Commun
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101528555

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
29 Jun 2020
Historique:
received: 02 04 2020
accepted: 05 06 2020
entrez: 1 7 2020
pubmed: 1 7 2020
medline: 1 7 2020
Statut: epublish

Résumé

Optical networks that distribute entanglement among various quantum systems will form a powerful framework for quantum science but are yet to interface with leading quantum hardware such as superconducting qubits. Consequently, these systems remain isolated because microwave links at room temperature are noisy and lossy. Building long distance connectivity requires interfaces that map quantum information between microwave and optical fields. While preliminary microwave-to-optical transducers have been realized, developing efficient, low-noise devices that match superconducting qubit frequencies (gigahertz) and bandwidths (10 kilohertz - 1 megahertz) remains a challenge. Here we demonstrate a proof-of-concept on-chip transducer using trivalent ytterbium-171 ions in yttrium orthovanadate coupled to a nanophotonic waveguide and a microwave transmission line. The device's miniaturization, material, and zero-magnetic-field operation are important advances for rare-earth ion magneto-optical devices. Further integration with high quality factor microwave and optical resonators will enable efficient transduction and create opportunities toward multi-platform quantum networks.

Identifiants

pubmed: 32601274
doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-16996-x
pii: 10.1038/s41467-020-16996-x
pmc: PMC7324619
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

3266

Subventions

Organisme : United States Department of Defense | United States Navy | Office of Naval Research (ONR)
ID : N00014-16-1-2676
Organisme : United States Department of Defense | United States Navy | Office of Naval Research (ONR)
ID : N00014-19-1-2182
Organisme : United States Department of Defense | United States Air Force | AFMC | Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AF Office of Scientific Research)
ID : FA9550-18-1-0374
Organisme : United States Department of Defense | United States Army | U.S. Army Research, Development and Engineering Command | Army Research Office (ARO)
ID : W911NF1810011

Références

Williamson, L. A., Chen, Y.-H. & Longdell, J. J. Magneto-optic modulator with unit quantum efficiency. Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, 1–5 (2014).
doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.203601
O’Brien, C., Lauk, N., Blum, S., Morigi, G. & Fleischhauer, M. Interfacing superconducting qubits and telecom photons via a rare-earth-doped crystal. Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, 1–5 (2014).
Lambert, N. J., Rueda, A., Sedlmeir, F. & Schwefel, H. G. L. Coherent conversion between microwave and optical photons—an overview of physical implementations. Adv. Quantum Technol. 3, 1900077 (2020).
doi: 10.1002/qute.201900077
Lauk, N. et al. Perspectives on quantum transduction. Quantum Sci. Technol. 5, 020501 (2020).
doi: 10.1088/2058-9565/ab788a
Rueda, A. et al. Efficient microwave to optical photon conversion: an electro-optical realization. Optica 3, 597 (2016).
doi: 10.1364/OPTICA.3.000597
Fan, L. et al. Superconducting cavity electro-optics: a platform for coherent photon conversion between superconducting and photonic circuits. Sci. Adv. 4, eaar4994 (2018).
doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aar4994
Andrews, R. W. et al. Bidirectional and efficient conversion between microwave and optical light. Nat. Phys. 10, 321–326 (2014).
doi: 10.1038/nphys2911
Higginbotham, A. P. et al. Harnessing electro-optic correlations in an efficient mechanical converter. Nat. Phys. 14, 1038–1042 (2018).
doi: 10.1038/s41567-018-0210-0
Vainsencher, A., Satzinger, K. J., Peairs, G. A. & Cleland, A. N. Bi-directional conversion between microwave and optical frequencies in a piezoelectric optomechanical device. Appl. Phys. Lett. 109, 033107 (2016).
doi: 10.1063/1.4955408
Dahmani, Y. D., Sarabalis, C. J., Jiang, W., Mayor, F. M. & Safavi-Naeini, A. H. Piezoelectric transduction of a wavelength-scale mechanical waveguide. Phys. Rev. Appl. 13, 024069 (2020).
doi: 10.1103/PhysRevApplied.13.024069
Hisatomi, R. et al. Bidirectional conversion between microwave and light via ferromagnetic magnons. Phys. Rev. B 93, 174427 (2016).
doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.93.174427
Wehner, S., Elkouss, D. & Hanson, R. Quantum internet: a vision for the road ahead. Science 362, eaam9288 (2018).
doi: 10.1126/science.aam9288
Ledingham, P. M., Naylor, W. R. & Longdell, J. J. Experimental realization of light with time-separated correlations by rephasing amplified spontaneous emission. Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 093602 (2012).
doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.093602
Dibos, A. M., Raha, M., Phenicie, C. M. & Thompson, J. D. Atomic source of single photons in the telecom band. Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 243601 (2018).
doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.243601
Kindem, J. M. et al. Control and single-shot readout of an ion embedded in a nanophotonic cavity. Nature 580, 201–204 (2020).
doi: 10.1038/s41586-020-2160-9
Hedges, M. P., Longdell, J. J., Li, Y. & Sellars, M. J. Efficient quantum memory for light. Nature 465, 1052–1056 (2010).
doi: 10.1038/nature09081
Gündoğan, M., Ledingha, P.M., Kutluer, K., Mazzera, M. & de Riedma, H. Solid state spin-wave quantum memory for time-bin qubits. Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 230501 (2015).
doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.230501
Jobez, P. et al. Coherent spin control at the quantum level in an ensemble-based optical memory. Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 230502 (2015).
doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.230502
Fernandez-Gonzalvo, X., Chen, Y.-H., Yin, C., Rogge, S. & Longdell, J. J. Coherent frequency up-conversion of microwaves to the optical telecommunications band in an Er:YSO crystal. Phys. Rev. A 92, 062313 (2015).
doi: 10.1103/PhysRevA.92.062313
Fernandez-Gonzalvo, X., Horvath, S. P., Chen, Y.-H. & Longdell, J. J. Cavity-enhanced Raman heterodyne spectroscopy in Er
doi: 10.1103/PhysRevA.100.033807
Chen, Y.-H., Fernandez-Gonzalvo, X. & Longdell, J. J. Coupling erbium spins to a three-dimensional superconducting cavity at zero magnetic field. Phys. Rev. B 94, 1–5 (2016).
Kindem, J. M. et al. Characterization of
doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.98.024404
Ortu, A. et al. Simultaneous coherence enhancement of optical and microwave transitions in solid-state electronic spins. Nat. Mater. 17, 671–675 (2018).
doi: 10.1038/s41563-018-0138-x
Welinski, S. et al. Electron spin coherences in rare-earth optically excited states for microwave to optical quantum transducers. Phys. Rev. Lett. 122, 247401 (2018).
doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.247401
Fernandez-Gonzalvo, X. Coherent frequency conversion from microwave to optical fields in an erbium doped Y
Zhong, T., Rochman, J., Kindem, J. M., Miyazono, E. & Faraon, A. High quality factor nanophotonic resonators in bulk rare-earth doped crystals. Opt. Express 24, 536 (2016).
doi: 10.1364/OE.24.000536

Auteurs

John G Bartholomew (JG)

Thomas J. Watson, Sr., Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA.
Kavli Nanoscience Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA.
Institute for Quantum Information and Matter, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA.
School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
University of Sydney Nano Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.

Jake Rochman (J)

Thomas J. Watson, Sr., Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA.
Kavli Nanoscience Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA.
Institute for Quantum Information and Matter, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA.

Tian Xie (T)

Thomas J. Watson, Sr., Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA.
Kavli Nanoscience Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA.
Institute for Quantum Information and Matter, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA.

Jonathan M Kindem (JM)

Thomas J. Watson, Sr., Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA.
Kavli Nanoscience Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA.
Institute for Quantum Information and Matter, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA.
JILA, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO, USA.
Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA.
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Boulder, CO, USA.

Andrei Ruskuc (A)

Thomas J. Watson, Sr., Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA.
Kavli Nanoscience Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA.
Institute for Quantum Information and Matter, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA.

Ioana Craiciu (I)

Thomas J. Watson, Sr., Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA.
Kavli Nanoscience Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA.
Institute for Quantum Information and Matter, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA.

Mi Lei (M)

Thomas J. Watson, Sr., Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA.
Kavli Nanoscience Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA.
Institute for Quantum Information and Matter, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA.

Andrei Faraon (A)

Thomas J. Watson, Sr., Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA. faraon@caltech.edu.
Kavli Nanoscience Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA. faraon@caltech.edu.
Institute for Quantum Information and Matter, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA. faraon@caltech.edu.

Classifications MeSH