Astrocytes and neurons communicate via a monocarboxylic acid shuttle.
astrocyte neuron glucose transit
astrocyte neuron lactate shuttle
enzyme complexes
Journal
AIMS neuroscience
ISSN: 2373-7972
Titre abrégé: AIMS Neurosci
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101665668
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2020
2020
Historique:
received:
14
02
2020
accepted:
13
04
2020
entrez:
2
7
2020
pubmed:
2
7
2020
medline:
2
7
2020
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Since formulation of the Astrocyte-Neuron Lactate Shuttle (ANLS) hypothesis in 1994, the hypothesis has provoked criticism and debate. Our review does not criticise, but rather integrates experimental data characterizing proton-linked monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) into the ANLS. MCTs have wide substrate specificity and are discussed to be in protein complex with a proton donor (PD). We particularly focus on the proton-driven transfer of l-lactic acid (l-lacH) and pyruvic acid (pyrH), were PDs link MCTs to a flow of energy. The precise nature of the PD predicts the activity and catalytic direction of MCTs. By doing so, we postulate that the MCT4·phosphoglycerate kinase complex exports and at the same time in the same astrocyte, MCT1·carbonic anhydrase II complex imports monocarboxylic acids. Similarly, neuronal MCT2 preferentially imports pyrH. The repertoire of MCTs in astrocytes and neurons allows them to communicate via monocarboxylic acids. A change in imported pyrH/l-lacH ratio in favour of l-lacH encodes signals stabilizing the transit of glucose from astrocytes to neurons. The presented astrocyte neuron communication hypothesis has the potential to unite the community by suggesting that the exchange of monocarboxylic acids paves the path of glucose provision.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32607414
doi: 10.3934/Neuroscience.2020007
pii: neurosci-07-02-007
pmc: PMC7321766
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
94-106Informations de copyright
© 2020 the Author(s), licensee AIMS Press.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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