Impact of Risk Adjustment Using Clinical vs Administrative Data on Hospital Sepsis Mortality Comparisons.

Adult Sepsis Event hospital comparisons outcome measure risk adjustment sepsis

Journal

Open forum infectious diseases
ISSN: 2328-8957
Titre abrégé: Open Forum Infect Dis
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101637045

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
Jun 2020
Historique:
received: 14 04 2020
accepted: 01 06 2020
entrez: 4 7 2020
pubmed: 4 7 2020
medline: 4 7 2020
Statut: epublish

Résumé

A reliable risk-adjusted sepsis outcome measure could complement current national process metrics by identifying outlier hospitals and catalyzing additional improvements in care. However, it is unclear whether integrating clinical data into risk adjustment models identifies similar high- and low-performing hospitals compared with administrative data alone, which are simpler to acquire and analyze. We ranked 200 US hospitals by their Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Adult Sepsis Event (ASE) mortality rates and assessed how rankings changed after applying (1) an administrative risk adjustment model incorporating demographics, comorbidities, and codes for severe illness and (2) an integrated clinical and administrative model replacing severity-of-illness codes with laboratory results, vasopressors, and mechanical ventilation. We assessed agreement between hospitals' risk-adjusted ASE mortality rates when ranked into quartiles using weighted kappa statistics (к). The cohort included 4 009 631 hospitalizations, of which 245 808 met ASE criteria. Risk-adjustment had a large effect on rankings: 22/50 hospitals (44%) in the worst quartile using crude mortality rates shifted into better quartiles after administrative risk adjustment, and a further 21/50 (42%) of hospitals in the worst quartile using administrative risk adjustment shifted to better quartiles after incorporating clinical data. Conversely, 14/50 (28%) hospitals in the best quartile using administrative risk adjustment shifted to worse quartiles with clinical data. Overall agreement between hospital quartile rankings when risk-adjusted using administrative vs clinical data was moderate (к = 0.55). Incorporating clinical data into risk adjustment substantially changes rankings of hospitals' sepsis mortality rates compared with using administrative data alone. Comprehensive risk adjustment using both administrative and clinical data is necessary before comparing hospitals by sepsis mortality rates.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
A reliable risk-adjusted sepsis outcome measure could complement current national process metrics by identifying outlier hospitals and catalyzing additional improvements in care. However, it is unclear whether integrating clinical data into risk adjustment models identifies similar high- and low-performing hospitals compared with administrative data alone, which are simpler to acquire and analyze.
METHODS METHODS
We ranked 200 US hospitals by their Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Adult Sepsis Event (ASE) mortality rates and assessed how rankings changed after applying (1) an administrative risk adjustment model incorporating demographics, comorbidities, and codes for severe illness and (2) an integrated clinical and administrative model replacing severity-of-illness codes with laboratory results, vasopressors, and mechanical ventilation. We assessed agreement between hospitals' risk-adjusted ASE mortality rates when ranked into quartiles using weighted kappa statistics (к).
RESULTS RESULTS
The cohort included 4 009 631 hospitalizations, of which 245 808 met ASE criteria. Risk-adjustment had a large effect on rankings: 22/50 hospitals (44%) in the worst quartile using crude mortality rates shifted into better quartiles after administrative risk adjustment, and a further 21/50 (42%) of hospitals in the worst quartile using administrative risk adjustment shifted to better quartiles after incorporating clinical data. Conversely, 14/50 (28%) hospitals in the best quartile using administrative risk adjustment shifted to worse quartiles with clinical data. Overall agreement between hospital quartile rankings when risk-adjusted using administrative vs clinical data was moderate (к = 0.55).
CONCLUSIONS CONCLUSIONS
Incorporating clinical data into risk adjustment substantially changes rankings of hospitals' sepsis mortality rates compared with using administrative data alone. Comprehensive risk adjustment using both administrative and clinical data is necessary before comparing hospitals by sepsis mortality rates.

Identifiants

pubmed: 32617377
doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofaa213
pii: ofaa213
pmc: PMC7320830
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Pagination

ofaa213

Informations de copyright

© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America.

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Auteurs

Chanu Rhee (C)

Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School/Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Zhonghe Li (Z)

Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School/Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Rui Wang (R)

Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School/Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Yue Song (Y)

Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School/Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Sameer S Kadri (SS)

Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Massachusetts, USA.

Edward J Septimus (EJ)

Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School/Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.

Huai-Chun Chen (HC)

Commonwealth Informatics, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA.

David Fram (D)

Commonwealth Informatics, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA.

Robert Jin (R)

Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School/Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Russell Poland (R)

Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School/Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Clinical Services Group, HCA Healthcare, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.

Kenneth Sands (K)

Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School/Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Clinical Services Group, HCA Healthcare, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.

Michael Klompas (M)

Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School/Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Classifications MeSH