Visualising virulence factors: Trichophyton benhamiaes subtilisins demonstrated in a guinea pig skin ex vivo model.
Trichophyton benhamiae
ex vivo model
guinea pig skin explants
immunofluorescence
metallocarboxypeptidase A
subtilisins
virulence factors
zoonotic dermatophytes
Journal
Mycoses
ISSN: 1439-0507
Titre abrégé: Mycoses
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 8805008
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Sep 2020
Sep 2020
Historique:
received:
28
12
2019
revised:
22
06
2020
accepted:
26
06
2020
pubmed:
4
7
2020
medline:
13
7
2021
entrez:
4
7
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Dermatophytoses rank among the most frequent communicable diseases in humans, and the zoonotic transmission is increasing. The zoophilic dermatophyte Trichophyton (T.) benhamiae is nowadays one of the main causes of tinea faciei et corporis in children. However, scientific data on molecular pathomechanisms and specific virulence factors enabling this ubiquitous occurrence are scarce. To study tissue invasion and the expression of important virulence factors of T. benhamiae, isolates that were recovered from two groups of hosts (humans vs. guinea pigs (GP)) using an ex vivo skin model. After confirmation of species identity by ITS sequencing, CFU suspensions of dermatophyte isolates (n = 20) were applied to the skin infection model and cultured. Employing specific immunofluorescence staining techniques, the expression of subtilisin 3 and 6 and metallocarboxypeptidase A was analysed. The general mode of invasion was explored. Results were compared with biopsies of naturally infected GP. All isolates were successfully recovered and proliferated well after application to the infection model. Progressive invasion of hyphae through all skin structures and destruction of explants were observed with early events being comparable to natural infection. An increasing expression of the examined virulence factors towards the end of culture was noticed but no difference between the two groups of isolates. For the first time, important in vivo markers of dermatophytosis were visualised immunohistochemically in an ex vivo skin infection model and in skin biopsies of GP naturally infected with T. benhamiae. More research on the underlying pathomechanisms of dermatophyte infection is urgently needed.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Dermatophytoses rank among the most frequent communicable diseases in humans, and the zoonotic transmission is increasing. The zoophilic dermatophyte Trichophyton (T.) benhamiae is nowadays one of the main causes of tinea faciei et corporis in children. However, scientific data on molecular pathomechanisms and specific virulence factors enabling this ubiquitous occurrence are scarce.
OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVE
To study tissue invasion and the expression of important virulence factors of T. benhamiae, isolates that were recovered from two groups of hosts (humans vs. guinea pigs (GP)) using an ex vivo skin model.
METHODS
METHODS
After confirmation of species identity by ITS sequencing, CFU suspensions of dermatophyte isolates (n = 20) were applied to the skin infection model and cultured. Employing specific immunofluorescence staining techniques, the expression of subtilisin 3 and 6 and metallocarboxypeptidase A was analysed. The general mode of invasion was explored. Results were compared with biopsies of naturally infected GP.
RESULTS
RESULTS
All isolates were successfully recovered and proliferated well after application to the infection model. Progressive invasion of hyphae through all skin structures and destruction of explants were observed with early events being comparable to natural infection. An increasing expression of the examined virulence factors towards the end of culture was noticed but no difference between the two groups of isolates.
CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
For the first time, important in vivo markers of dermatophytosis were visualised immunohistochemically in an ex vivo skin infection model and in skin biopsies of GP naturally infected with T. benhamiae. More research on the underlying pathomechanisms of dermatophyte infection is urgently needed.
Substances chimiques
Virulence Factors
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
970-978Subventions
Organisme : Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
ID : 01KI1713
Informations de copyright
© 2020 The Authors. Mycoses published by Blackwell Verlag GmbH.
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