Exciting Complexity: The Role of Motor Circuit Elements in ALS Pathophysiology.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
astrocytes
excitability
excitotoxicity
interneurons
lower motor neurons
neural circuits
upper motor neurons
Journal
Frontiers in neuroscience
ISSN: 1662-4548
Titre abrégé: Front Neurosci
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101478481
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2020
2020
Historique:
received:
31
03
2020
accepted:
11
05
2020
entrez:
7
7
2020
pubmed:
7
7
2020
medline:
7
7
2020
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal disease, characterized by the degeneration of both upper and lower motor neurons. Despite decades of research, we still to date lack a cure or disease modifying treatment, emphasizing the need for a much-improved insight into disease mechanisms and cell type vulnerability. Altered neuronal excitability is a common phenomenon reported in ALS patients, as well as in animal models of the disease, but the cellular and circuit processes involved, as well as the causal relevance of those observations to molecular alterations and final cell death, remain poorly understood. Here, we review evidence from clinical studies, cell type-specific electrophysiology, genetic manipulations and molecular characterizations in animal models and culture experiments, which argue for a causal involvement of complex alterations of structure, function and connectivity of different neuronal subtypes within the cortical and spinal cord motor circuitries. We also summarize the current knowledge regarding the detrimental role of astrocytes and reassess the frequently proposed hypothesis of glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity with respect to changes in neuronal excitability. Together, these findings suggest multifaceted cell type-, brain area- and disease stage- specific disturbances of the excitation/inhibition balance as a cardinal aspect of ALS pathophysiology.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32625051
doi: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00573
pmc: PMC7311855
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
573Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2020 Gunes, Kan, Ye and Liebscher.
Références
J Neurosci. 2008 Apr 16;28(16):4115-22
pubmed: 18417691
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2013 Sep;84(9):963-8
pubmed: 23418210
Biochim Biophys Acta. 2006 Nov-Dec;1762(11-12):1068-82
pubmed: 16806844
Sci Rep. 2017 Aug 30;7(1):10046
pubmed: 28855684
Ann Neurol. 1983 Jul;14(1):8-16
pubmed: 6137185
Curr Neuropharmacol. 2019;17(12):1133-1145
pubmed: 31573888
Front Aging Neurosci. 2017 Mar 22;9:68
pubmed: 28382000
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Nov 3;106(44):18809-14
pubmed: 19833869
Bioessays. 2015 Jun;37(6):624-32
pubmed: 25773221
Trends Neurosci. 2013 Mar;36(3):174-84
pubmed: 23298414
J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 1997 Apr;56(4):440-54
pubmed: 9100675
Front Neurol. 2018 Nov 29;9:1020
pubmed: 30555404
Neurology. 1997 Nov;49(5):1292-8
pubmed: 9371911
Acta Neuropathol Commun. 2016 Aug 04;4(1):77
pubmed: 27488828
J Neurol Sci. 2002 Jan 15;193(2):117-26
pubmed: 11790392
Elife. 2017 Jan 06;6:
pubmed: 28060701
Hum Mol Genet. 2010 Aug 1;19(15):3053-67
pubmed: 20494921
Cell. 2016 Mar 24;165(1):180-191
pubmed: 26997481
Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol Suppl. 1999;52:97-103
pubmed: 10590980
Clin Neurophysiol. 2006 Jul;117(7):1444-8
pubmed: 16765084
Clin Chim Acta. 1998 May 25;273(2):195-200
pubmed: 9657349
Neuron. 2019 Oct 23;104(2):412-427.e4
pubmed: 31466734
Glia. 2012 Apr;60(4):651-60
pubmed: 22290828
Neurology. 1994 Nov;44(11):2148-53
pubmed: 7969975
Brain Res. 1994 Aug 22;654(2):279-85
pubmed: 7527289
Eur J Neurosci. 2008 Oct;28(7):1275-85
pubmed: 18973555
J Physiol. 2016 Oct 1;594(19):5471-90
pubmed: 26918438
Lancet Neurol. 2014 Nov;13(11):1083-1091
pubmed: 25297012
Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 1995 Aug;28 Suppl:S57-66
pubmed: 8529520
Ann Clin Transl Neurol. 2019 Aug;6(8):1373-1382
pubmed: 31402622
Sci Transl Med. 2013 Oct 23;5(208):208ra149
pubmed: 24154603
J Physiol. 2008 Jul 15;586(14):3337-51
pubmed: 18467368
J Physiol. 2009 Dec 1;587(Pt 23):5665-78
pubmed: 19822548
Neuron. 2014 Mar 5;81(5):1001-1008
pubmed: 24508385
J Neurol Sci. 2000 Aug 15;177(2):124-30
pubmed: 10980308
Neuron. 2010 Feb 11;65(3):422-35
pubmed: 20159454
Front Neurosci. 2020 Apr 29;14:363
pubmed: 32410944
Brain Pathol. 2011 Jan;21(1):1-15
pubmed: 20653686
Muscle Nerve. 2019 Jun;59(6):699-704
pubmed: 30847934
Int J Neurosci. 2005 Feb;115(2):267-83
pubmed: 15764006
PLoS One. 2013 Aug 12;8(8):e71721
pubmed: 23951229
Clin Neurophysiol. 2016 Apr;127(4):1968-77
pubmed: 26971478
Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener. 2014 Dec;15(7-8):610-7
pubmed: 25286015
Neuron. 1996 Mar;16(3):675-86
pubmed: 8785064
Neurosci Lett. 2003 Nov 20;351(3):153-6
pubmed: 14623129
Glia. 2006 Oct;54(5):358-68
pubmed: 16886201
Sci Rep. 2018 Nov 8;8(1):16582
pubmed: 30410094
Lancet. 1993 Jan 30;341(8840):265-8
pubmed: 8093916
Brain. 2005 Jun;128(Pt 6):1323-9
pubmed: 15843422
Cell Stem Cell. 2008 Dec 4;3(6):649-57
pubmed: 19041781
Prog Neurobiol. 1995 Dec;47(6):533-44
pubmed: 8787034
Nature. 2017 Jan 26;541(7638):481-487
pubmed: 28099414
Nat Commun. 2012 Apr 10;3:774
pubmed: 22491322
Cell Tissue Res. 2017 Dec;370(3):391-401
pubmed: 28864831
Elife. 2018 Mar 27;7:
pubmed: 29580378
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2017 Jun;77:87-97
pubmed: 28279812
J Exp Neurosci. 2019 Jun 23;13:1179069519859371
pubmed: 31258334
Neurology. 2007 Dec 11;69(24):2236-42
pubmed: 18071143
Brain Res. 1997 Oct 10;771(1):37-44
pubmed: 9383006
Behav Brain Res. 2019 Sep 2;369:111914
pubmed: 31022419
J Alzheimers Dis. 2007 Mar;11(1):97-116
pubmed: 17361039
Brain. 2008 Jun;131(Pt 6):1540-50
pubmed: 18469020
Trends Neurosci. 2003 Dec;26(12):688-95
pubmed: 14624854
Glia. 2017 Apr;65(4):592-605
pubmed: 28139855
Neuroscience. 2002;111(4):815-35
pubmed: 12031406
Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol Suppl. 1996;46:43-51
pubmed: 9059778
J Neurosci. 2008 Oct 22;28(43):10864-74
pubmed: 18945894
Neuromodulation. 2012 Jul;15(4):316-25
pubmed: 22624621
J Chem Neuroanat. 1997 Jul;13(2):115-39
pubmed: 9285356
J Neurol Sci. 1999 Oct 31;169(1-2):93-7
pubmed: 10540015
Front Neural Circuits. 2017 Oct 09;11:72
pubmed: 29062274
Neurosci Res. 2018 Jan;126:31-38
pubmed: 29054467
Nat Neurosci. 1999 Sep;2(9):848
pubmed: 10461226
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2005 Jun;76 Suppl 2:ii23-31
pubmed: 15961865
J Clin Neurophysiol. 1992 Apr;9(2):195-211
pubmed: 1375602
J Neurosci. 2011 Mar 16;31(11):4166-77
pubmed: 21411657
Neurochem Int. 2009 Mar-Apr;54(3-4):186-91
pubmed: 19100799
Front Neurosci. 2016 Mar 02;10:76
pubmed: 26973454
JAMA Neurol. 2013 Aug;70(8):1009-16
pubmed: 23797905
Science. 2008 Sep 19;321(5896):1686-9
pubmed: 18802001
Brain Res. 2016 Oct 1;1648(Pt B):571-579
pubmed: 27033833
EEG EMG Z Elektroenzephalogr Elektromyogr Verwandte Geb. 1988 Dec;19(4):209-15
pubmed: 3145181
Nat Neurosci. 2016 Apr;19(4):557-559
pubmed: 26900927
Muscle Nerve. 2002 Oct;26(4):438-58
pubmed: 12362409
Nat Rev Neurol. 2013 Dec;9(12):708-14
pubmed: 24217521
Clin Neurophysiol. 2015 Apr;126(4):803-9
pubmed: 25227219
Am J Pathol. 2009 Feb;174(2):574-85
pubmed: 19116365
J Neurosci. 2015 Feb 4;35(5):2293-307
pubmed: 25653383
J Neurophysiol. 1996 Aug;76(2):683-97
pubmed: 8871191
Cell. 2006 May 19;125(4):775-84
pubmed: 16713567
Curr Pharm Des. 2013;19(24):4371-84
pubmed: 23360270
Mech Ageing Dev. 2010 Jul-Aug;131(7-8):517-26
pubmed: 20493207
Eur J Neurol. 2017 Jun;24(6):816-824
pubmed: 28436181
Science. 1994 Jun 17;264(5166):1772-5
pubmed: 8209258
Cereb Cortex. 2010 Nov;20(11):2739-48
pubmed: 20181623
Ann Neurol. 1990 Jul;28(1):18-25
pubmed: 2375630
Ann Neurol. 1990 Jul;28(1):12-7
pubmed: 2375629
J Physiol. 2018 Dec;596(24):6307-6332
pubmed: 30281795
J Neurophysiol. 2007 Jan;97(1):901-11
pubmed: 17093116
J Neurochem. 2000 Apr;74(4):1666-73
pubmed: 10737625
J Physiol. 2011 May 1;589(Pt 9):2245-60
pubmed: 21486770
Neurochem Res. 2012 Nov;37(11):2464-73
pubmed: 22669630
Muscle Nerve. 1996 Oct;19(10):1268-75
pubmed: 8808652
J Physiol. 1998 Aug 15;511 ( Pt 1):181-90
pubmed: 9679173
EMBO J. 2013 Jul 3;32(13):1917-26
pubmed: 23714777
J Neurosci. 2019 Oct 30;39(44):8798-8815
pubmed: 31530644
Front Mol Neurosci. 2012 Apr 11;5:34
pubmed: 22514516
Front Mol Neurosci. 2019 Jul 09;12:164
pubmed: 31338020
Exp Neurol. 2013 Dec;250:250-9
pubmed: 24120466
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2016 Dec;71:484-505
pubmed: 27693230
J Neurosci. 2014 Feb 5;34(6):2331-48
pubmed: 24501372
J Neurophysiol. 2016 Jul 1;116(1):98-105
pubmed: 27075538
Nat Neurosci. 2018 Oct;21(10):1392-1403
pubmed: 30258239
J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2019 Jul;39(7):1283-1298
pubmed: 29400109
J Neurol Sci. 2005 Aug 15;235(1-2):45-54
pubmed: 15936037
J Physiol. 2012 Feb 15;590(4):669-81
pubmed: 22250212
Eur J Neurosci. 2007 Jan;25(2):451-9
pubmed: 17284186
Kurume Med J. 2004;51(3-4):175-83
pubmed: 15682824
Ann Neurol. 1995 Jul;38(1):73-84
pubmed: 7611729
Neural Plast. 2016;2016:8723623
pubmed: 27403348
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Apr 20;107(16):7556-61
pubmed: 20368421
Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener. 2015;16(5-6):291-2
pubmed: 26121170
J Neurophysiol. 2010 Sep;104(3):1382-91
pubmed: 20505127
Neuroepidemiology. 2013;41(2):118-30
pubmed: 23860588
Dev Neurobiol. 2011 Jan 1;71(1):45-61
pubmed: 21154909
EMBO J. 2007 Sep 19;26(18):4149-59
pubmed: 17762863
Nature. 2017 Nov 8;551(7679):232-236
pubmed: 29120427
J Physiol. 2014 Apr 1;592(7):1687-703
pubmed: 24445319
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2016 Dec 20;113(51):E8316-E8325
pubmed: 27930290
Neuron. 2011 Oct 20;72(2):231-43
pubmed: 22017986
Clin Neurophysiol. 2017 Jun;128(6):1075-1082
pubmed: 28400096
Science. 2019 Apr 5;364(6435):89-93
pubmed: 30948552
Sci Rep. 2019 Apr 29;9(1):6634
pubmed: 31036840
Front Cell Neurosci. 2018 Sep 28;12:328
pubmed: 30323744
Front Cell Neurosci. 2019 Nov 12;13:512
pubmed: 31798419
Oncotarget. 2015 Jun 30;6(18):15728-9
pubmed: 26164079
J Neurochem. 2001 Nov;79(4):737-46
pubmed: 11723166
J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2003 Oct;62(10):1041-51
pubmed: 14575239
Nat Rev Neurosci. 2004 Oct;5(10):793-807
pubmed: 15378039
Front Neurosci. 2019 Dec 06;13:1310
pubmed: 31866818
J Neurosci. 2008 May 21;28(21):5504-12
pubmed: 18495884
Hum Mol Genet. 2003 Oct 1;12(19):2519-32
pubmed: 12915461
Cell. 2016 Mar 24;165(1):207-219
pubmed: 26949184
Amyotroph Lateral Scler. 2012 Feb;13(2):166-77
pubmed: 22292840
Int J Neurosci. 2006 Jul;116(7):775-826
pubmed: 16861147
J Neurosci. 1999 Jul 1;19(13):5265-74
pubmed: 10377338
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 27;105(21):7588-93
pubmed: 18508976
Brain Res. 1977 Aug 19;132(1):1-10
pubmed: 70258
Ann Neurol. 1981 Mar;9(3):292-4
pubmed: 6261674
Acta Neuropathol Commun. 2016 Feb 18;4:15
pubmed: 26891847
Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener. 2013 Jan;14(1):30-8
pubmed: 22881412
Cereb Cortex. 2011 Mar;21(3):625-35
pubmed: 20643756
Muscle Nerve. 2020 Mar;61(3):354-362
pubmed: 31875983
Front Mol Neurosci. 2019 Jul 03;12:168
pubmed: 31333413
Brain Behav. 2013 Mar;3(2):145-58
pubmed: 23531559
J Physiol. 2000 Dec 1;529 Pt 2:461-8
pubmed: 11101654
Neurology. 1980 Jan;30(1):98-101
pubmed: 7188643
Exp Mol Med. 2009 Mar 31;41(3):140-50
pubmed: 19293633
J Neurol Sci. 2003 Jan 15;206(1):91-5
pubmed: 12480091
Nat Neurosci. 2014 Jan;17(1):131-43
pubmed: 24316888
J Clin Invest. 2015 Mar 2;125(3):1033-42
pubmed: 25642771
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2016 May;64:175-84
pubmed: 26959337
Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 1995 Dec 1;34(1):109-17
pubmed: 8750866
Neurosci Lett. 2002 Oct 31;332(2):99-102
pubmed: 12384220
PM R. 2013 May;5(5 Suppl):S89-95
pubmed: 23523708
Ann Neurol. 2013 Feb;73(2):246-58
pubmed: 23281025
Front Cell Neurosci. 2014 Feb 07;8:24
pubmed: 24570655
J Neurosci. 2007 Oct 17;27(42):11354-65
pubmed: 17942730
Cell. 2019 Sep 5;178(6):1387-1402.e14
pubmed: 31474363
Nature. 1998 Feb 26;391(6670):892-6
pubmed: 9495341
Channels (Austin). 2011 Jul-Aug;5(4):299-303
pubmed: 21558795
Nat Rev Neurosci. 2018 Apr;19(4):235-249
pubmed: 29515192
J Neurochem. 2006 Nov;99(3):900-12
pubmed: 16925593
J Neurosci. 2007 Sep 5;27(36):9736-41
pubmed: 17804634
Front Physiol. 2018 Jun 25;9:784
pubmed: 29988534
NPJ Schizophr. 2017 Sep 21;3(1):32
pubmed: 28935880
J Neurophysiol. 2009 Dec;102(6):3627-42
pubmed: 19828728
PLoS One. 2012;7(11):e51124
pubmed: 23226475
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1991 Nov;54(11):984-8
pubmed: 1686899
Neuron. 2016 Oct 5;92(1):114-125
pubmed: 27641495
Nat Neurosci. 2006 Mar;9(3):408-19
pubmed: 16474388
J Physiol. 2005 Mar 15;563(Pt 3):843-54
pubmed: 15649979
Cell Rep. 2014 Apr 10;7(1):1-11
pubmed: 24703839
Mol Neurobiol. 2015 Feb;51(1):57-67
pubmed: 24677068
Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014:852163
pubmed: 24877142
Neurodegeneration. 1995 Jun;4(2):209-16
pubmed: 7583686
Neuron. 2011 Feb 10;69(3):453-67
pubmed: 21315257
Acta Neuropathol. 1991;82(4):316-20
pubmed: 1662002
J Neurosci. 2018 Feb 14;38(7):1622-1633
pubmed: 29326172
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Sep 11;104(37):14825-30
pubmed: 17804792
Neuron. 2018 Apr 18;98(2):306-319.e7
pubmed: 29606582
J Comp Neurol. 2012 Jun 15;520(9):1985-2001
pubmed: 22173709
Acta Neurol Scand. 2002 Jul;106(1):34-8
pubmed: 12067326
Nat Neurosci. 2013 Nov;16(11):1662-70
pubmed: 24097044
J Neurosci. 2013 May 15;33(20):8810-9
pubmed: 23678123
Brain Res. 2012 Jun 26;1462:3-15
pubmed: 22444279
J Neurosci. 2013 Jan 9;33(2):748-60
pubmed: 23303952
J Physiol. 2018 Nov;596(22):5379-5396
pubmed: 30175403
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Mar 13;109(11):4296-301
pubmed: 22371592
Muscle Nerve. 1994 Feb;17(2):217-23
pubmed: 8114792
Hum Mol Genet. 2017 Feb 15;26(4):686-701
pubmed: 28040732
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2018 Feb 6;115(6):E1279-E1288
pubmed: 29358403
J Cell Physiol. 2017 Oct;232(10):2610-2615
pubmed: 28128448
Neuroscience. 2019 Jan 1;396:73-78
pubmed: 30458223
Front Neurosci. 2018 Mar 20;12:185
pubmed: 29615862
PLoS One. 2011;6(10):e25968
pubmed: 21998733
Front Mol Biosci. 2018 Feb 13;5:8
pubmed: 29487852
Acta Neuropathol. 2013 Jun;125(6):777-94
pubmed: 23673820
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2007 Jul;78(7):746-9
pubmed: 17575020
J Neurosci. 2006 Oct 11;26(41):10362-7
pubmed: 17035518
J Neurophysiol. 2004 Jan;91(1):571-5
pubmed: 14523070
Cell Death Differ. 2011 May;18(5):754-68
pubmed: 21072055
Front Neural Circuits. 2013 May 28;7:75
pubmed: 23754982
Clin Neurophysiol. 2006 Nov;117(11):2451-8
pubmed: 16996798
J Physiol. 1954 Dec 10;126(3):524-62
pubmed: 13222354
Glia. 1999 Mar;26(1):47-54
pubmed: 10088671
Pathol Int. 1995 Dec;45(12):933-9
pubmed: 8808298
Neuron. 2013 Oct 16;80(2):335-42
pubmed: 24139038
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Oct 25;91(22):10625-9
pubmed: 7938003
Nature. 2005 Jan 6;433(7021):73-7
pubmed: 15635412
Front Cell Neurosci. 2017 Jul 06;11:196
pubmed: 28729824
Prog Brain Res. 2010;187:81-95
pubmed: 21111202
Cell Death Dis. 2019 Apr 5;10(4):310
pubmed: 30952836
Glia. 2020 May;68(5):1046-1064
pubmed: 31841614
Clin Neurophysiol. 2006 Jul;117(7):1458-66
pubmed: 16759905
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2005 Sep;76(9):1279-85
pubmed: 16107368
Eur J Neurosci. 1998 Jul;10(7):2371-9
pubmed: 9749765
N Engl J Med. 1994 Mar 3;330(9):585-91
pubmed: 8302340
Front Cell Neurosci. 2017 Nov 07;11:353
pubmed: 29163060
Neuron. 2006 Oct 5;52(1):39-59
pubmed: 17015226
J Neurol. 2002 Dec;249(12):1723-8
pubmed: 12529797
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Apr 25;97(9):4926-31
pubmed: 10781100
Sci Rep. 2016 Nov 29;6:37968
pubmed: 27897242
Brain. 2013 Feb;136(Pt 2):483-93
pubmed: 23114367
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2015 Feb 06;7(9):a020370
pubmed: 25663667
Eur J Neurosci. 2009 Feb;29(3):551-61
pubmed: 19187267
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Oct 25;108(43):17803-8
pubmed: 21969586
J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 1997 Aug;56(8):901-11
pubmed: 9258260
Exp Neurol. 2009 Feb;215(2):368-79
pubmed: 19071115
J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2011 Aug;70(8):662-77
pubmed: 21760539
Cell Stem Cell. 2008 Dec 4;3(6):637-48
pubmed: 19041780
Brain. 2020 Mar 1;143(3):800-810
pubmed: 32203578
Glia. 2014 Aug;62(8):1241-53
pubmed: 24753081
Sci Rep. 2018 Sep 28;8(1):14506
pubmed: 30267020
Brain. 2011 Sep;134(Pt 9):2627-41
pubmed: 21908873
J Neurosci. 2010 Dec 15;30(50):16796-808
pubmed: 21159951
Exp Neurol. 2006 Sep;201(1):120-30
pubmed: 16753145
J Neurosci. 2017 Jul 12;37(28):6778-6785
pubmed: 28592691
Proc Jpn Acad Ser B Phys Biol Sci. 2018;94(10):390-411
pubmed: 30541966
Sci Rep. 2019 Mar 20;9(1):4936
pubmed: 30894556
Nature. 2019 Sep;573(7775):539-545
pubmed: 31534222
Int J Epidemiol. 2017 Feb 1;46(1):57-74
pubmed: 27185810
Brain. 2019 Sep 1;142(9):2572-2580
pubmed: 31368485
Neuroscience. 2017 Oct 24;362:33-46
pubmed: 28844763
Glia. 2011 Jun;59(6):946-58
pubmed: 21446050
Nat Neurosci. 2007 May;10(5):615-22
pubmed: 17435755
Exp Brain Res. 2002 Mar;143(2):240-8
pubmed: 11880900
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Jan 10;109(2):627-32
pubmed: 22203986
J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 1981 Nov;40(6):667-75
pubmed: 7299423
Sci Rep. 2017 Oct 6;7(1):12764
pubmed: 28986578
J Neurochem. 2004 May;89(4):988-97
pubmed: 15140197
Med Res Rev. 2019 Mar;39(2):733-748
pubmed: 30101496
Neurobiol Dis. 2013 Jun;54:116-26
pubmed: 23466698
J Physiol. 2011 Oct 15;589(Pt 20):4949-58
pubmed: 21807616
Sci Rep. 2017 Mar 15;7:44461
pubmed: 28294153
Behav Brain Sci. 2016 Jan;39:e200
pubmed: 26126507
Curr Biol. 2016 Apr 4;26(7):956-64
pubmed: 27020746
Exp Neurol. 2009 Nov;220(1):177-82
pubmed: 19716820
Stem Cells. 2016 Jun;34(6):1563-75
pubmed: 26946488
Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol. 1993 Aug;19(4):291-9
pubmed: 8232749
Curr Neuropharmacol. 2006 Apr;4(2):101-14
pubmed: 18615128
PLoS One. 2011 Apr 04;6(4):e17947
pubmed: 21483737
Nat Neurosci. 2015 Dec;18(12):1725-7
pubmed: 26551546
Elife. 2014 Oct 14;3:
pubmed: 25313866
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Jun 10;100(12):7319-24
pubmed: 12777621
J Neurosci. 2013 Nov 6;33(45):17631-40
pubmed: 24198355
Hum Mol Genet. 2016 Apr 15;25(8):1588-99
pubmed: 26908600
J Neurol Sci. 1992 Oct;112(1-2):126-32
pubmed: 1469422
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Nov 1;108(44):18126-31
pubmed: 22010221
J Neurosci. 2011 Feb 23;31(8):2815-27
pubmed: 21414903
Exp Neurol. 2014 Dec;262 Pt B:111-20
pubmed: 24859452
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Feb 5;99(3):1604-9
pubmed: 11818550
Sci Rep. 2013;3:2231
pubmed: 23868559
Clin EEG Neurosci. 2012 Jul;43(3):184-91
pubmed: 22715493
Brain. 1998 May;121 ( Pt 5):851-9
pubmed: 9619189
Brain Res Bull. 1993;30(3-4):381-6
pubmed: 8457887
Front Neural Circuits. 2010 Mar 08;4:4
pubmed: 20300468
Lancet. 2011 Mar 12;377(9769):942-55
pubmed: 21296405
Annu Rev Neurosci. 2008;31:195-218
pubmed: 18558853
Elife. 2018 Aug 23;7:
pubmed: 30136928
Muscle Nerve. 2008 Jul;38(1):845-54
pubmed: 18508341
Stem Cells. 2018 Mar;36(3):293-303
pubmed: 29235200
Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2017 Oct;46:200-207
pubmed: 28938181
Nat Neurosci. 2014 Jan;17(1):17-23
pubmed: 24369373
Cereb Cortex. 2015 Nov;25(11):4259-72
pubmed: 25596590
Front Cell Neurosci. 2015 Jun 09;9:203
pubmed: 26106294
Nature. 2016 Nov 10;539(7628):197-206
pubmed: 27830784
PLoS One. 2013 Oct 15;8(10):e76055
pubmed: 24143176
Free Radic Biol Med. 2010 Mar 1;48(5):629-41
pubmed: 19969067
Neurobiol Dis. 2010 Jan;37(1):58-66
pubmed: 19770042
Clin Neurophysiol Pract. 2018 Nov 17;3:164-172
pubmed: 30560220
Front Neural Circuits. 2014 Jun 16;8:55
pubmed: 24982614
J Neurosci. 2015 Jan 14;35(2):643-7
pubmed: 25589758
Muscle Nerve. 2019 Sep;60(3):232-235
pubmed: 31233613
Biol Psychiatry. 2017 May 15;81(10):821-831
pubmed: 27865453
Neuromolecular Med. 2003;3(2):105-18
pubmed: 12728193
J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 1998 Apr;57(4):329-33
pubmed: 9600225
Brain. 1995 Feb;118 ( Pt 1):217-25
pubmed: 7534598
Phys Biol. 2014 Jun;11(3):036005
pubmed: 24828208
Muscle Nerve. 2001 Apr;24(4):564-73
pubmed: 11268031
Cell Calcium. 2010 Feb;47(2):165-74
pubmed: 20116097
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2013 Oct;84(10):1161-70
pubmed: 23264687
Nature. 2014 May 1;509(7498):43-8
pubmed: 24784215
Nat Neurosci. 2009 May;12(5):627-36
pubmed: 19330001
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2010 Feb;81(2):222-7
pubmed: 19726402
Cell Rep. 2015 Apr 28;11(4):592-604
pubmed: 25892237
Nat Neurosci. 2010 Jun;13(6):739-44
pubmed: 20436481
J Cell Biol. 2005 Dec 19;171(6):1001-12
pubmed: 16365166
Neurology. 2012 May 15;78(20):1596-600
pubmed: 22517106
Front Syst Neurosci. 2011 Nov 24;5:94
pubmed: 22275885
Neurology. 2018 Oct 30;91(18):e1669-e1676
pubmed: 30282772
Trends Neurosci. 2016 Nov;39(11):712-721
pubmed: 27742076
Eur J Neurosci. 2012 Oct;36(7):2964-71
pubmed: 22775302
Front Cell Neurosci. 2015 Jun 16;9:225
pubmed: 26136661
J Neurosci. 2017 Sep 13;37(37):9037-9053
pubmed: 28821643
Biochim Biophys Acta. 2006 Nov-Dec;1762(11-12):1001-12
pubmed: 17045786
Brain. 2006 Apr;129(Pt 4):953-62
pubmed: 16467388
Nat Rev Neurol. 2014 Nov;10(11):660
pubmed: 25245152
Lancet. 1993 Oct 23;342(8878):1016-8
pubmed: 8105264
Nat Neurosci. 2008 Nov;11(11):1294-301
pubmed: 18931666
Glia. 2012 Dec;60(12):1991-2003
pubmed: 22987392
Neuron. 2013 Oct 2;80(1):80-96
pubmed: 24094105
J Neurophysiol. 1994 Jan;71(1):17-32
pubmed: 8158226
Glia. 2011 Nov;59(11):1635-42
pubmed: 21748805
Eur J Neurosci. 2006 Jun;23(12):3161-70
pubmed: 16820006
Hum Mol Genet. 2016 Mar 15;25(6):1074-87
pubmed: 26755825
Neuron. 2009 Dec 10;64(5):645-62
pubmed: 20005822
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Apr 5;102(14):5245-9
pubmed: 15781854
Nat Commun. 2015 Jan 12;6:5999
pubmed: 25580746
Mol Neurodegener. 2013 Aug 13;8:28
pubmed: 23941283
Brain Res. 1991 Dec 6;566(1-2):54-60
pubmed: 1726065
Neurology. 1992 Oct;42(10):1951-9
pubmed: 1407578
Neuron. 2017 Nov 1;96(3):697-708
pubmed: 29096081
Nat Rev Neurosci. 2013 Apr;14(4):278-91
pubmed: 23511908
J Neurochem. 2006 Aug;98(3):782-91
pubmed: 16893420
J Neurosci Res. 2001 Dec 1;66(5):790-4
pubmed: 11746403
Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 1999 Jan 8;63(2):254-61
pubmed: 9878769
Cereb Cortex. 2016 Apr;26(4):1512-28
pubmed: 25596588
Nat Rev Neurosci. 2003 Jul;4(7):573-86
pubmed: 12838332
J Vis Exp. 2016 Jun 15;(112):
pubmed: 27341060
Lancet. 1985 May 11;1(8437):1106-7
pubmed: 2860322
J Neurophysiol. 2013 Jun;109(11):2803-14
pubmed: 23486205
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1998 Aug;65(2):263-5
pubmed: 9703186
Neuron. 1997 Feb;18(2):327-38
pubmed: 9052802
J Comp Neurol. 1985 Dec 1;242(1):56-92
pubmed: 2416786
Neurobiol Dis. 2015 Feb;74:359-76
pubmed: 25500340
Neuron. 2016 Jul 20;91(2):260-92
pubmed: 27477017
Neuron. 2008 Apr 24;58(2):168-78
pubmed: 18439402