Early Post-trauma Interventions in Organizations: A Scoping Review.

PTSD early interventions emergency services organizations trauma

Journal

Frontiers in psychology
ISSN: 1664-1078
Titre abrégé: Front Psychol
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101550902

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
2020
Historique:
received: 28 11 2019
accepted: 06 05 2020
entrez: 17 7 2020
pubmed: 17 7 2020
medline: 17 7 2020
Statut: epublish

Résumé

In some organizations, traumatic events This scoping review was designed to identify research which evaluates the use of early interventions in emergency and other high-risk organizations following exposure to primary or secondary trauma and to report on the effectiveness of the early intervention models in common use. A scoping review was conducted to examine early interventions for workers exposed to trauma, including emergency response, military, and humanitarian aid. Relevant data were extracted from the included studies and the outcomes were assessed using meta-ethnography. Fifty studies of mixed quality met the inclusion criteria for this review. A synthesis of study outcomes found that early interventions help emergency responders to manage post-incident trauma when they are delivered in a manner that (a) respects distinct organizational culture, (b) is supported by organizations and senior management, and (c) harnesses existing social cohesion and peer support systems within teams. This review demonstrates that early interventions support emergency responders following exposure to trauma when these are tailored to the needs of the population, are supported by the host organization, and harness existing social cohesion and peer support processes within a team or unit. A number of recommendations for the delivery and evaluation of early interventions for psychological trauma in emergency response organizations were made.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
In some organizations, traumatic events
AIMS OBJECTIVE
This scoping review was designed to identify research which evaluates the use of early interventions in emergency and other high-risk organizations following exposure to primary or secondary trauma and to report on the effectiveness of the early intervention models in common use.
METHODS METHODS
A scoping review was conducted to examine early interventions for workers exposed to trauma, including emergency response, military, and humanitarian aid. Relevant data were extracted from the included studies and the outcomes were assessed using meta-ethnography.
RESULTS RESULTS
Fifty studies of mixed quality met the inclusion criteria for this review. A synthesis of study outcomes found that early interventions help emergency responders to manage post-incident trauma when they are delivered in a manner that (a) respects distinct organizational culture, (b) is supported by organizations and senior management, and (c) harnesses existing social cohesion and peer support systems within teams.
CONCLUSION CONCLUSIONS
This review demonstrates that early interventions support emergency responders following exposure to trauma when these are tailored to the needs of the population, are supported by the host organization, and harness existing social cohesion and peer support processes within a team or unit. A number of recommendations for the delivery and evaluation of early interventions for psychological trauma in emergency response organizations were made.

Identifiants

DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01176 PMID: 32670143 PMC: PMC7330139
pubmed: 32670143
doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01176
pmc: PMC7330139
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article Review

Langues

eng

Pagination

1176

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2020 Richins, Gauntlett, Tehrani, Hesketh, Weston, Carter and Amlôt.

Références

J Consult Clin Psychol. 2009 Oct;77(5):928-40
pubmed: 19803572
J Trauma Stress. 2008 Jun;21(3):253-63
pubmed: 18553407
J Health Serv Res Policy. 2002 Oct;7(4):209-15
pubmed: 12425780
Int J Occup Saf Ergon. 2011;17(4):329-39
pubmed: 22152500
Br J Psychiatry. 2007 Feb;190:97-104
pubmed: 17267924
Occup Med (Lond). 2013 Dec;63(8):549-55
pubmed: 24174630
BMC Med Res Methodol. 2008 Apr 16;8:21
pubmed: 18416812
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2002;(2):CD000560
pubmed: 12076399
Occup Med (Lond). 2001 Mar;51(2):93-9
pubmed: 11307695
Psychiatr Serv. 1998 Feb;49(2):207-12
pubmed: 9575006
Br J Psychiatry. 1997 Jul;171:78-81
pubmed: 9328501
JEMS. 1983 Jan;8(1):36-9
pubmed: 10258348
Postgrad Med J. 2015 Apr;91(1074):182-7
pubmed: 25755266
Br J Psychiatry. 1994 Jul;165(1):60-5
pubmed: 7953059
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2018 Sep;53(9):897-909
pubmed: 29869691
Occup Med (Lond). 2013 Apr;63(3):175-82
pubmed: 23564090
Occup Med (Lond). 2010 Dec;60(8):645-50
pubmed: 20889815
Am J Psychiatry. 2015 May;172(5):441-9
pubmed: 25677353
Psychiatry. 2017 Fall;80(3):236-251
pubmed: 29087252
J Trauma Stress. 1996 Jan;9(1):37-49
pubmed: 8750450
J Epidemiol Community Health. 1998 Jun;52(6):377-84
pubmed: 9764259
Behav Res Ther. 2009 Mar;47(3):245-53
pubmed: 19200945
Am J Psychiatry. 1997 Mar;154(3):415-7
pubmed: 9054792
Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci. 2015;52(3):49-59
pubmed: 27357553
Fam Syst Health. 2017 Dec;35(4):450-462
pubmed: 29283612
J Trauma Stress. 2012 Apr;25(2):134-41
pubmed: 22522726
BMC Psychiatry. 2017 Jun 2;17(1):204
pubmed: 28578682
Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med. 2016 Apr 27;24:59
pubmed: 27121279
Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 2012 Feb;26(1):2-8
pubmed: 22284076
Pediatr Nurs. 2010 Jul-Aug;36(4):185-9; quiz 190
pubmed: 20860257
Occup Med (Lond). 2019 Dec 31;69(8-9):559-565
pubmed: 31375822
Psychol Sci Public Interest. 2003 Nov;4(2):45-79
pubmed: 26151755
Occup Med (Lond). 2003 Oct;53(7):469-75
pubmed: 14581645
Soc Work Health Care. 1998;27(1):33-50
pubmed: 9579015
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2012 Jul;47(7):1111-9
pubmed: 21789502
Prehosp Disaster Med. 2012 Feb;27(1):103-8
pubmed: 22591935
Mil Med. 2016 Nov;181(11):e1553-e1560
pubmed: 27849489
Br J Med Psychol. 2000 Mar;73 ( Pt 1):87-98
pubmed: 10759053
Eur J Psychotraumatol. 2012;3:
pubmed: 22893838
Br J Med Psychol. 2000 Mar;73 ( Pt 1):77-85
pubmed: 10759052
Prehosp Disaster Med. 1999 Jan-Mar;14(1):8-12
pubmed: 10537592
Mil Med. 1998 Jul;163(7):494-8
pubmed: 9695618
Anxiety Stress Coping. 2014 Jan;27(1):38-54
pubmed: 23799773
Clin Psychol Psychother. 2011 Nov-Dec;18(6):453-63
pubmed: 21171143
Lancet. 2002 Sep 7;360(9335):766-71
pubmed: 12241834
Prehosp Disaster Med. 2003 Oct-Dec;18(4):367-71
pubmed: 15310050
Emerg Med J. 2013 Oct;30(10):831-6
pubmed: 23144077
J Trauma Stress. 2017 Apr;30(2):133-141
pubmed: 28449365
J Trauma Stress. 2010 Aug;23(4):430-6
pubmed: 20690168
Am J Psychiatry. 2009 Mar;166(3):293-301
pubmed: 19188285

Auteurs

Matt T Richins (MT)

Behavioural Science Team, Emergency Response Department Science and Technology, Health Protection and Medical Directorate, Public Health England, London, United Kingdom.

Louis Gauntlett (L)

Behavioural Science Team, Emergency Response Department Science and Technology, Health Protection and Medical Directorate, Public Health England, London, United Kingdom.

Noreen Tehrani (N)

Crisis, Disaster, and Trauma Section, British Psychological Society (Member of Standing Committee EFPA), Leicester, United Kingdom.

Ian Hesketh (I)

Alliance Manchester Business School, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.

Dale Weston (D)

Behavioural Science Team, Emergency Response Department Science and Technology, Health Protection and Medical Directorate, Public Health England, London, United Kingdom.

Holly Carter (H)

Behavioural Science Team, Emergency Response Department Science and Technology, Health Protection and Medical Directorate, Public Health England, London, United Kingdom.

Richard Amlôt (R)

Behavioural Science Team, Emergency Response Department Science and Technology, Health Protection and Medical Directorate, Public Health England, London, United Kingdom.

Classifications MeSH