Axon Growth of CNS Neurons in Three Dimensions Is Amoeboid and Independent of Adhesions.
Actins
/ metabolism
Actomyosin
/ metabolism
Animals
Axons
/ metabolism
Cell Adhesion
Cell Polarity
Central Nervous System
/ metabolism
Collagen
/ metabolism
Fibroblasts
/ metabolism
Growth Cones
/ metabolism
Hippocampus
/ embryology
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Microtubules
/ metabolism
Neuronal Outgrowth
Polymerization
3D cell culture
actin
adhesions
axon growth
cytoskeleton
microtubules
neuronal polarization
Journal
Cell reports
ISSN: 2211-1247
Titre abrégé: Cell Rep
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101573691
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
21 07 2020
21 07 2020
Historique:
received:
27
03
2020
revised:
26
05
2020
accepted:
23
06
2020
entrez:
23
7
2020
pubmed:
23
7
2020
medline:
29
4
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
During development of the central nervous system (CNS), neurons polarize and rapidly extend their axons to assemble neuronal circuits. The growth cone leads the axon to its target and drives axon growth. Here, we explored the mechanisms underlying axon growth in three dimensions. Live in situ imaging and super-resolution microscopy combined with pharmacological and molecular manipulations as well as biophysical force measurements revealed that growth cones extend CNS axons independent of pulling forces on their substrates and without the need for adhesions in three-dimensional (3D) environments. In 3D, microtubules grow unrestrained from the actomyosin cytoskeleton into the growth cone leading edge to enable rapid axon extension. Axons extend and polarize even in adhesion-inert matrices. Thus, CNS neurons use amoeboid mechanisms to drive axon growth. Together with our understanding that adult CNS axons regenerate by reactivating developmental processes, our findings illuminate how cytoskeletal manipulations enable axon regeneration in the adult CNS.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32698008
pii: S2211-1247(20)30888-3
doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107907
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Actins
0
Collagen
9007-34-5
Actomyosin
9013-26-7
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
107907Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Declaration of Interests H. Witte, A. Ertürk, F. Hellal, and F.B. filed a patent on the use of microtubule-stabilizing compounds for the treatment of lesions of CNS axons (European patent number 1858498; European patent application EP 11 00 9155.0; U.S. patent application 11/908,118).