Curses or Cures: A Review of the Numerous Benefits Versus the Biosecurity Concerns of Conotoxin Research.

biomedicine biosecurity cone snail conopeptide conotoxin drugs envenomations fatalities venom

Journal

Biomedicines
ISSN: 2227-9059
Titre abrégé: Biomedicines
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101691304

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
22 Jul 2020
Historique:
received: 30 06 2020
revised: 17 07 2020
accepted: 19 07 2020
entrez: 26 7 2020
pubmed: 28 7 2020
medline: 28 7 2020
Statut: epublish

Résumé

Conotoxins form a diverse group of peptide toxins found in the venom of predatory marine cone snails. Decades of conotoxin research have provided numerous measurable scientific and societal benefits. These include their use as a drug, diagnostic agent, drug leads, and research tools in neuroscience, pharmacology, biochemistry, structural biology, and molecular evolution. Human envenomations by cone snails are rare but can be fatal. Death by envenomation is likely caused by a small set of toxins that induce muscle paralysis of the diaphragm, resulting in respiratory arrest. The potency of these toxins led to concerns regarding the potential development and use of conotoxins as biological weapons. To address this, various regulatory measures have been introduced that limit the use and access of conotoxins within the research community. Some of these regulations apply to all of the ≈200,000 conotoxins predicted to exist in nature of which less than 0.05% are estimated to have any significant toxicity in humans. In this review we provide an overview of the many benefits of conotoxin research, and contrast these to the perceived biosecurity concerns of conotoxins and research thereof.

Identifiants

pubmed: 32708023
pii: biomedicines8080235
doi: 10.3390/biomedicines8080235
pmc: PMC7460000
pii:
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article Review

Langues

eng

Subventions

Organisme : NIH HHS
ID : GM103801
Pays : United States
Organisme : Velux Fonden
ID : 19063
Organisme : NCATS NIH HHS
ID : UL1 TR002538
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIGMS NIH HHS
ID : P01 GM048677
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIH HHS
ID : GM122869
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIGMS NIH HHS
ID : R35 GM136430
Pays : United States
Organisme : U.S. Department of Defense
ID : W81XWH170413
Organisme : Det Frie Forskningsråd
ID : 7017-00288
Organisme : NIGMS NIH HHS
ID : R01 GM103801
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIH HHS
ID : GM136430
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIGMS NIH HHS
ID : R01 GM122869
Pays : United States

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Auteurs

Walden E Bjørn-Yoshimoto (WE)

Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark.

Iris Bea L Ramiro (IBL)

Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark.

Mark Yandell (M)

Eccles Institute of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
Utah Center for Genetic Discovery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.

J Michael McIntosh (JM)

School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
George E. Whalen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA.

Baldomero M Olivera (BM)

School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.

Lars Ellgaard (L)

Department of Biology, Linderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein Science, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark.

Helena Safavi-Hemami (H)

Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark.
School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.

Classifications MeSH