Current Socioeconomic Status Correlates With Brain Volumes in Healthy Children and Adolescents but Not in Children With Prenatal Alcohol Exposure.
brain volume
development
fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD)
prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE)
socioeconomic status (SES)
Journal
Frontiers in human neuroscience
ISSN: 1662-5161
Titre abrégé: Front Hum Neurosci
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101477954
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2020
2020
Historique:
received:
20
12
2019
accepted:
19
05
2020
entrez:
28
7
2020
pubmed:
28
7
2020
medline:
28
7
2020
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Individuals with prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) exhibit neurological deficits associated with brain injury including smaller brain volumes. Additional risk factors such as lower socioeconomic status (SES) may also have an impact on brain development for this population. This study examined how brain volumes are related to SES in both neurotypically developing children and adolescents, and those with PAE. 3D T1-weighted MPRAGE images were acquired from 69 participants with PAE (13.0 ± 3.2 years, range 7.1-18.8 years, 49% female) and 70 neurotypical controls (12.4 ± 2.9 years, range 7.0-18.5 years, 60% female) from four scanning sites in Canada. SES scores calculated using Hollingshead's Four-Factor Index of Social Status from current caregiver placement were not significantly different between groups, though more children with PAE had lower SES scores compared to controls. Psychometric data comprised 14 cognitive measures, including executive functioning, attention and working memory, memory, math/numerical ability, and word reading. All cognitive scores were significantly worse in children with PAE compared to controls, though SES was not correlated with cognitive scores in either group after correction for multiple comparisons. All 13 brain volumes were smaller in children with PAE compared to children in the control group. Higher SES was associated with larger hippocampus and amygdala volumes in controls, but there were no such associations in children with PAE. Direct evaluation of the interaction between SES and diagnostic group did not show a significant differential impact of SES on these structures. These findings support previous links between SES and brain volumes in neurotypically developing children, but the lack of such a relationship with SES in children with PAE may be due to the markedly smaller brain volumes resulting from the initial brain injury and postpartum brain development, regardless of later SES.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32714166
doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.00223
pmc: PMC7344164
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Pagination
223Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2020 McLachlan, Zhou, Little, Rasmussen, Pei, Andrew, Reynolds and Beaulieu.
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