Intramedullary Canal-creation Technique for Patients with Osteopetrosis.

Fracture Intramedullary Orthopaedics Osteopetrosis Pycnodysostosis Technique

Journal

Strategies in trauma and limb reconstruction
ISSN: 1828-8936
Titre abrégé: Strategies Trauma Limb Reconstr
Pays: India
ID NLM: 101299515

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
Historique:
entrez: 4 8 2020
pubmed: 4 8 2020
medline: 4 8 2020
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

We present details of a surgical technique to create an intramedullary canal to allow intramedullary fracture fixation in patients with osteopetrosis. Clinical cases are used to facilitate the description. Osteopetrosis is a rare, hereditary condition characterised by hard, brittle, "marble bone;" primarily due to osteoclast dysfunction. Patients are prone to fractures and subsequently nonunions, periprosthetic fractures, and metal-ware failure are commonly seen. Due to the increased bone density, deformity, and obliteration of the medullary cavity, fracture fixation is also technically demanding. Creation of a medullary canal allows the use of intramedullary fixation rather than plate and screws for long-bone fractures. A new sharp drill bit should be used for each case as blunt drills are more likely to break.Bone is drilled in a pulsatile fashion, with withdrawal every 2-4 seconds for bone swarf to be removed.Constant cooling of the drill bit with saline to help prevent bone necrosis and drill breakage.Regular exchanging of drill bit sizes to expand the canal. The smaller drills start the canal and are used to direct progress. Sequential expansion during canal creation is preferred.Regular use of orthogonal radiographs to ensure correct canal positioning and prevent perforation. The creation of an intramedullary canal allows intramedullary fracture fixation. In our experience, this technique gives the orthopaedic surgeon a safe and effective method for treating long-bone fractures in patients with osteopetrosis. Fractures and nonunions in patients with osteopetrosis are difficult to manage; and by detailing this technique, a further option is now available for surgeons when deciding upon fixation method. Kent J, Ferguson D. Intramedullary Canal-creation Technique for Patients with Osteopetrosis. Strategies Trauma Limb Reconstr 2019;14(3):155-162.

Sections du résumé

AIM OBJECTIVE
We present details of a surgical technique to create an intramedullary canal to allow intramedullary fracture fixation in patients with osteopetrosis. Clinical cases are used to facilitate the description.
BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Osteopetrosis is a rare, hereditary condition characterised by hard, brittle, "marble bone;" primarily due to osteoclast dysfunction. Patients are prone to fractures and subsequently nonunions, periprosthetic fractures, and metal-ware failure are commonly seen. Due to the increased bone density, deformity, and obliteration of the medullary cavity, fracture fixation is also technically demanding.
TECHNIQUE METHODS
Creation of a medullary canal allows the use of intramedullary fixation rather than plate and screws for long-bone fractures.
KEY FACTORS UNASSIGNED
A new sharp drill bit should be used for each case as blunt drills are more likely to break.Bone is drilled in a pulsatile fashion, with withdrawal every 2-4 seconds for bone swarf to be removed.Constant cooling of the drill bit with saline to help prevent bone necrosis and drill breakage.Regular exchanging of drill bit sizes to expand the canal. The smaller drills start the canal and are used to direct progress. Sequential expansion during canal creation is preferred.Regular use of orthogonal radiographs to ensure correct canal positioning and prevent perforation.
CONCLUSION CONCLUSIONS
The creation of an intramedullary canal allows intramedullary fracture fixation. In our experience, this technique gives the orthopaedic surgeon a safe and effective method for treating long-bone fractures in patients with osteopetrosis.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE CONCLUSIONS
Fractures and nonunions in patients with osteopetrosis are difficult to manage; and by detailing this technique, a further option is now available for surgeons when deciding upon fixation method.
HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE UNASSIGNED
Kent J, Ferguson D. Intramedullary Canal-creation Technique for Patients with Osteopetrosis. Strategies Trauma Limb Reconstr 2019;14(3):155-162.

Identifiants

pubmed: 32742432
doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10080-1424
pmc: PMC7368361
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Pagination

155-162

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2019; Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Source of support: Nil Conflict of interest: None

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Auteurs

Jonathan Kent (J)

Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, United Kingdom.

David Ferguson (D)

Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, United Kingdom.

Classifications MeSH