A video polysomnographic study of spontaneous smiling during sleep in newborns.
active sleep
cerebral cortex
maturation
newborn
rapid eye movements
spontaneous smiling
Journal
Journal of sleep research
ISSN: 1365-2869
Titre abrégé: J Sleep Res
Pays: England
ID NLM: 9214441
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
06 2021
06 2021
Historique:
revised:
18
02
2020
received:
23
07
2019
accepted:
27
05
2020
pubmed:
5
8
2020
medline:
15
7
2021
entrez:
5
8
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The objective of the present study was to confirm the link between spontaneous smiling and active sleep in newborns, and to identify the role of the cortex in the generation of spontaneous smiles. A total of 12 healthy newborns born at term and three infants with major congenital abnormalities (two with hydranencephaly and one with a left hemispherectomy) were evaluated by video and polysomnography during a 3-hr sleep period. Smiles were graded and their association with isolated rapid eye movements and grouped rapid eye movements was analysed. In all, 383 smiles were recorded of which 377 occurred during active sleep. Smiles were shown to be significantly associated with active sleep (p < .0001) and with grouped rapid eye movements (p < .0001). Bilateral smiles were more frequent than asymmetrical smiles. Among asymmetrical smiles, left-sided smiles were more frequent than right-sided smiles (p < .0001). Maternal stimulation during active sleep did not increase smiles. Smiling was absent during active sleep only in the infant with total hydranencephaly in whom nearly all cortical tissue was absent. In conclusion, smiling occurs in healthy newborns, almost exclusively in active sleep and is associated with grouped rapid eye movements. In infants with major congenital abnormalities, smiling is abolished only when nearly all of the cerebral cortex is absent. These results support the hypothesis of the role of active sleep in the stimulation of neuronal circuits responsible for spontaneous smiling and emphasise the importance of cortical areas in newborn smiling.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
e13129Informations de copyright
© 2020 European Sleep Research Society.
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