Infants' reasoning about samples generated by intentional versus non-intentional agents.
Journal
Infancy : the official journal of the International Society on Infant Studies
ISSN: 1532-7078
Titre abrégé: Infancy
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 100890607
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 2020
01 2020
Historique:
received:
09
02
2018
revised:
15
11
2019
accepted:
24
11
2019
entrez:
5
8
2020
pubmed:
5
8
2020
medline:
3
11
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The current experiments investigate how infants use goal-directed action to reason about intentionally sampled outcomes in a probabilistic inference paradigm. Older infants and young children are flexible in their expectations of sampling: They expect random samples to reflect population statistics and non-random samples to reflect an agent's preferences or goals (Kushnir, Xu, & Wellman, 2010; Xu & Denison, 2009). However, more recent work shows that probabilistic inference comes online at approximately 6 months (Denison, Reed, & Xu, 2013; Kayhan, Gredebäck, & Lindskog, 2017; Ma & Xu, 2011; Wellman, Kushnir, Xu, & Brink, 2016), and thus, these sampling assumptions can be investigated at the age probabilistic reasoning first emerges. Results indicate that 6-month-old infants expect a human agent to sample in accord with their goal and do not expect the same of an unintentional agent-a mechanical claw. By 9.5 months, infants expect the mechanical claw to sample in accord with random sampling. These results suggest that infants use goals to make inferences about intentional sampling, under appropriate conditions at 6 months, and they have expectations of the kinds of samples a mechanical device should obtain by 9.5 months.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
110-124Informations de copyright
© 2019 International Congress of Infant Studies (ICIS).
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