SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19 During Pregnancy: A Multidisciplinary Review.
Journal
Mayo Clinic proceedings
ISSN: 1942-5546
Titre abrégé: Mayo Clin Proc
Pays: England
ID NLM: 0405543
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
08 2020
08 2020
Historique:
received:
12
05
2020
accepted:
13
05
2020
entrez:
6
8
2020
pubmed:
6
8
2020
medline:
15
8
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The global pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has been associated with worse outcomes in several patient populations, including the elderly and those with chronic comorbidities. Data from previous pandemics and seasonal influenza suggest that pregnant women may be at increased risk for infection-associated morbidity and mortality. Physiologic changes in normal pregnancy and metabolic and vascular changes in high-risk pregnancies may affect the pathogenesis or exacerbate the clinical presentation of COVID-19. Specifically, SARS-CoV-2 enters the cell via the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, which is upregulated in normal pregnancy. Upregulation of ACE2 mediates conversion of angiotensin II (vasoconstrictor) to angiotensin-(1-7) (vasodilator) and contributes to relatively low blood pressures, despite upregulation of other components of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. As a result of higher ACE2 expression, pregnant women may be at elevated risk for complications from SARS-CoV-2 infection. Upon binding to ACE2, SARS-CoV-2 causes its downregulation, thus lowering angiotensin-(1-7) levels, which can mimic/worsen the vasoconstriction, inflammation, and pro-coagulopathic effects that occur in preeclampsia. Indeed, early reports suggest that, among other adverse outcomes, preeclampsia may be more common in pregnant women with COVID-19. Medical therapy, during pregnancy and breastfeeding, relies on medications with proven safety, but safety data are often missing for medications in the early stages of clinical trials. We summarize guidelines for medical/obstetric care and outline future directions for optimization of treatment and preventive strategies for pregnant patients with COVID-19 with the understanding that relevant data are limited and rapidly changing.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32753148
pii: S0025-6196(20)30516-4
doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2020.05.011
pmc: PMC7260486
mid: NIHMS1610915
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1750-1765Subventions
Organisme : NIAID NIH HHS
ID : U01 AI131566
Pays : United States
Organisme : NICHD NIH HHS
ID : K12 HD065987
Pays : United States
Organisme : NICHD NIH HHS
ID : K12 HD072245
Pays : United States
Organisme : NICHD NIH HHS
ID : R01 HD097843
Pays : United States
Organisme : NHLBI NIH HHS
ID : R01 HL136348
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2020 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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