Exploring the functional meaning of head shape disparity in aquatic snakes.
added mass coefficient
diet
diversification
drag coefficient
feeding
hydrodynamics
selective regime
snake
Journal
Ecology and evolution
ISSN: 2045-7758
Titre abrégé: Ecol Evol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101566408
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Jul 2020
Jul 2020
Historique:
received:
02
03
2020
revised:
30
03
2020
accepted:
22
04
2020
entrez:
8
8
2020
pubmed:
8
8
2020
medline:
8
8
2020
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Phenotypic diversity, or disparity, can be explained by simple genetic drift or, if functional constraints are strong, by selection for ecologically relevant phenotypes. We here studied phenotypic disparity in head shape in aquatic snakes. We investigated whether conflicting selective pressures related to different functions have driven shape diversity and explore whether similar phenotypes may give rise to the same functional output (i.e., many-to-one mapping of form to function). We focused on the head shape of aquatically foraging snakes as they fulfill several fitness-relevant functions and show a large amount of morphological variability. We used 3D surface scanning and 3D geometric morphometrics to compare the head shape of 62 species in a phylogenetic context. We first tested whether diet specialization and size are drivers of head shape diversification. Next, we tested for many-to-one mapping by comparing the hydrodynamic efficiency of head shape characteristic of the main axes of variation in the dataset. We 3D printed these shapes and measured the forces at play during a frontal strike. Our results show that diet and size explain only a small amount of shape variation. Shapes did not fully functionally converge as more specialized aquatic species evolved a more efficient head shape than others. The shape disparity observed could thus reflect a process of niche specialization.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32760507
doi: 10.1002/ece3.6380
pii: ECE36380
pmc: PMC7391336
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Pagination
6993-7005Informations de copyright
© 2020 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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