[Protection by some plant methanol extracts of cherry tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum var. Cerasiforme) from fungic infection by Alternaria alternata].

Utilisation d’extraits méthanoliques de plantes pour la protection des cultures de tomates-cerises (Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme) contre l’infection fongique par Alternaria alternata.

Journal

Biologie aujourd'hui
ISSN: 2105-0686
Titre abrégé: Biol Aujourdhui
Pays: France
ID NLM: 101544020

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
2020
Historique:
received: 28 01 2020
entrez: 11 8 2020
pubmed: 11 8 2020
medline: 29 6 2021
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

Cherry tomato is very susceptible to fungal infections that can cause considerable damage in crops and during storage. Alternaria infection is one of the most common and dangerous alterations for this fruit. They are caused by Alternaria alternata or some other species belonging to the same genus. In this work, we tested the antifungal activity of methanol extracts from five plants harvested in the region of Jijel (Algeria) on A. alternata. The activity was first tested in vitro and then on greenhouse cherry tomato plants: extracts were applied to healthy plants before infection in order to test their preventive action, and after infection to determine whether they are able to knock out Alternaria. Results showed that Rosmarinus officinalis and Lavandula angustifolia extracts were the most active in vitro on A. alternata. Microscopic observations of the mold indicated that these extracts inhibited the dictyospores production. The antifungal activity tested on the plants grown in greenhouse revealed that R. officinalis extract still was the most active. Extracts of L. angustifolia and Punica granatum did not protect the plants from Alternaria infection, but provided a total cure at the end of the treatment. Extracts from Quercus suber and Eucalyptus globulus were the least active. They did not bestow any protection nor complete healing of the plants. Dictyospores counting on fruits at the end of the treatment confirmed the results obtained for the greenhouse crops. Utilisation d’extraits méthanoliques de plantes pour la protection des cultures de tomates-cerises (Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme) contre l’infection fongique par Alternaria alternata. La tomate-cerise est un fruit très sujet aux infections fongiques qui peuvent causer des dégâts considérables dans les cultures et lors de la conservation. Les alternarioses comptent parmi les altérations les plus répandues et dangereuses pour ce fruit. Elles sont causées par Alternaria alternata ou d’autres espèces appartenant au même genre. Dans ce travail, nous avons testé l’activité antifongique d’extraits méthanoliques de cinq plantes récoltées dans la région de Jijel (Algérie) sur A. alternata. L’activité a d’abord été testée in vitro, puis sur des plants de tomates-cerises cultivés sous serre : les extraits ont été appliqués sur des plants sains, avant l’infection, afin de tester leur action préventive, et après l’infection pour déterminer s’ils sont capables de traiter l’alternariose. Les résultats ont montré que les extraits de Rosmarinus officinalis et Lavandula angustifolia étaient les plus actifs in vitro sur A. alternata. L’observation microscopique de la moisissure a indiqué que ces extraits agissaient en inhibant sa production de dictyospores. L’activité antifongique testée sur les plants cultivés sous serre a révélé que l’extrait de R. officinalis était toujours le plus actif. Venaient ensuite les extraits de L. angustifolia et Punica granatum qui n’ont pas permis la protection des plants contre l’alternariose, mais qui ont néanmoins donné une guérison totale à la fin du traitement. Les extraits de Quercus suber et Eucalyptus globulus étaient les moins actifs. Ils n’ont permis ni la prévention, ni la guérison complète des plants. Le comptage des dictyospores réalisé sur les fruits à la fin du traitement a confirmé les résultats obtenus pour les cultures sous serre.

Autres résumés

Type: Publisher (fre)
Utilisation d’extraits méthanoliques de plantes pour la protection des cultures de tomates-cerises (Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme) contre l’infection fongique par Alternaria alternata.

Identifiants

pubmed: 32773030
doi: 10.1051/jbio/2020001
pii: jbio200001
doi:

Substances chimiques

Antifungal Agents 0
Biological Control Agents 0
Biological Products 0
Plant Extracts 0
Methanol Y4S76JWI15

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

fre

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

55-61

Informations de copyright

© Société de Biologie, 2020.

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Auteurs

Souâd Akroum (S)

Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Mohamed Seddik Ben Yahia, BP 98 Ouled Aissa, Jijel 18000, Algérie.

Moad Rouibah (M)

Laboratoire de Biotechnologie, Environnement et Santé, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Mohamed Seddik Ben Yahia, BP 98 Ouled Aissa, Jijel 18000, Algérie.

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