Ellagic Acid-Derived Urolithins as Modulators of Oxidative Stress.
Journal
Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity
ISSN: 1942-0994
Titre abrégé: Oxid Med Cell Longev
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101479826
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2020
2020
Historique:
received:
29
04
2020
accepted:
06
07
2020
entrez:
11
8
2020
pubmed:
11
8
2020
medline:
15
5
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Oxidative stress is a state of excess of prooxidative species relative to the antioxidant defenses (enzymatic and nonenzymatic) in a living organism. The consequence of this imbalance is damage of the major cellular macromolecules (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and DNA), which further leads to a gradual loss of tissue and organ function. It has been shown that oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of many chronic diseases (cardiovascular, metabolic, and neurodegenerative diseases and cancer) and in the process of aging. Thus, many strategies to combat oxidative stress have been proposed and tested. In this context, food rich in antioxidants has received great attention. Pomegranate, berries, and walnuts have been recognized as "superfood" particularly for their cardioprotective effects. The common characteristic of these foods is the high content of ellagitannins. Since tannins are not bioavailable, they have been neglected in nutrition science and even considered antinutrients for a long time. However, this view has changed dramatically once it was recognized that ellagic acid, released from ellagitannins in the gastrointestinal system, is further metabolized by colonic microbiota to bioavailable compounds-known as urolithins. Thus, urolithins (3,4-benzocoumarin derivatives) have emerged as novel natural bioactive compounds and are now the focus of extensive investigations. So far, urolithins were shown to be powerful modulators of oxidative stress and agents with potential anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, and antiaging properties. Furthermore, a few synthetic derivatives of urolithins were recognized as lead compounds for new drug development. Available data on urolithin synthesis, physicochemical and pharmacokinetic characteristics, biological activity, and safety will be presented in this review.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32774676
doi: 10.1155/2020/5194508
pmc: PMC7407063
doi:
Substances chimiques
Coumarins
0
3,8-dihydroxy-6H-dibenzo(b,d)pyran-6-one
1143-70-0
Ellagic Acid
19YRN3ZS9P
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
5194508Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2020 Jasmina Djedjibegovic et al.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
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