Stem cells and stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in acute and chronic kidney diseases: mechanisms of repair.
Stem cells
acute kidney injury (AKI)
chronic kidney disease (CKD)
exosomes
extracellular vesicles (EVs)
Journal
Annals of translational medicine
ISSN: 2305-5839
Titre abrégé: Ann Transl Med
Pays: China
ID NLM: 101617978
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Apr 2020
Apr 2020
Historique:
entrez:
11
8
2020
pubmed:
11
8
2020
medline:
11
8
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Acute and chronic renal failure have long been described and now renamed as acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). New concepts are emerging in the pathophysiology of kidney diseases. AKI is often caused by triggering factors (e.g., toxic, ischemic, immunologic) either individually or combined such as in sepsis (inflammation and hypoxia), and it is initiated at a defined time. Several experimental models of AKI have provided deep insight and have convincingly shown important proof-of-concepts of therapeutic relevance over the years. CKD is now considered a slowly developing disease with often an insidious course, lasting many years whereby co-morbidities (e.g., diabetes, hypertension, dysmetabolic syndrome) may act as worsening factors. It has become increasingly evident that even a single event of AKI may lead to a higher predisposition to develop a progressive CKD. In the present review, we will report studies on the renal protection by adult stem cells in different experimental models and clinical trials. The emerging role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in cell-to-cell communication and their predominant effect in the paracrine mechanisms of stem cell-dependent actions have prompted several studies on their ability to attenuate both AKI and fibrosis occurring in CKD. We discuss several critical issues that need to be addressed before EVs may have a therapeutic application in humans.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32775371
doi: 10.21037/atm.2020.03.19
pii: atm-08-08-570
pmc: PMC7347774
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
570Informations de copyright
2020 Annals of Translational Medicine. All rights reserved.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Conflicts of Interest: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form (available at http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/atm.2020.03.19). The series “Stem Cell and Clinical Application” was commissioned by the editorial office without any funding or sponsorship. The authors have no other conflicts of interest to declare.
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