What factors determine the number of nonmuscle myosin II in the sarcomeric unit of stress fibers?
Cell biomechanics
Cyclic stretch
Mechanical stress
Myosin regulatory light chain
Nonmuscle myosin II
Stress fibers
Journal
Biomechanics and modeling in mechanobiology
ISSN: 1617-7940
Titre abrégé: Biomech Model Mechanobiol
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 101135325
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Feb 2021
Feb 2021
Historique:
received:
15
05
2020
accepted:
01
08
2020
pubmed:
11
8
2020
medline:
14
10
2021
entrez:
11
8
2020
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Actin stress fibers (SFs), a contractile apparatus in nonmuscle cells, possess a contractile unit that is apparently similar to the sarcomere of myofibrils in muscles. The function of SFs has thus often been addressed based on well-characterized properties of muscles. However, unlike the fixed number of myosin molecules in myofibrils, the number of nonmuscle myosin II (NMII) within the contractile sarcomeric unit in SFs is quite low and variable for some reason. Here we address what factors may determine the specific number of NMII in SFs. We suggest with a theoretical model that the number lies just in between the function of SFs for bearing cellular tension under static conditions and for promptly disintegrating upon forced cell shortening. We monitored shortening-induced disintegration of SFs in human osteosarcoma U2OS cells expressing mutants of myosin regulatory light chain that virtually regulates the interaction of NMII with actin filaments, and the behaviors observed were indeed consistent with the theoretical consequences. This situation-specific nature of SFs may allow nonmuscle cells to respond adaptively to mechanical stress to circumvent activation of pro-inflammatory signals as previously indicated, i.e., a behavior distinct from that of muscles that are basically specialized for exhibiting contractile activity.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32776260
doi: 10.1007/s10237-020-01375-8
pii: 10.1007/s10237-020-01375-8
doi:
Substances chimiques
Myosin Light Chains
0
Myosin Type II
EC 3.6.1.-
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
155-166Subventions
Organisme : Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
ID : 18H03518
Organisme : Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
ID : 19K22967
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