Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis due to calculi in a 5-year-old girl.
Xantogranulomatous pyelonephritis
kidney stones
nephrolithiasis
Journal
The Turkish journal of pediatrics
ISSN: 2791-6421
Titre abrégé: Turk J Pediatr
Pays: Turkey
ID NLM: 0417505
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2020
2020
Historique:
entrez:
12
8
2020
pubmed:
12
8
2020
medline:
20
8
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is characterized by the inflammatory destruction of the renal parenchyma and intensive renal fibrosis. It is named because of its pathological appearance; that of its granulomatous inflammatory process with lipid-laden macrophages, which appear yellow, hence `xantho` which is Greek for yellow. Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is predominantly a disease of adults. In children it is diagnosed sporadically and is extremely rare in infants. The age of onset varies (21 days to 16 years), although 60-75% of cases have been diagnosed before 5 years of age. Recurrent urinary tract infections, obstructive nephropathy caused by renal calculus, malnutrition, abnormal lipid metabolism, altered immunologic response, lymphatic blockage, congenital urinary anomalies have been implicated in the etiology of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in children. We report an unusual case of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in a 5-year-old girl and discuss its clinical features, histopathological findings and treatment. In this article, we also emphasized the importance of diagnostic imaging in urinary tract infections which enabled us not to miss the underlying kidney stone disease. Nephrolithiasis may lead to very serious conditions such as xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. This condition can be easily diagnosed by ultrasound, but if not detected, it can lead to complete loss of renal function as in the case.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is characterized by the inflammatory destruction of the renal parenchyma and intensive renal fibrosis. It is named because of its pathological appearance; that of its granulomatous inflammatory process with lipid-laden macrophages, which appear yellow, hence `xantho` which is Greek for yellow. Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is predominantly a disease of adults. In children it is diagnosed sporadically and is extremely rare in infants. The age of onset varies (21 days to 16 years), although 60-75% of cases have been diagnosed before 5 years of age. Recurrent urinary tract infections, obstructive nephropathy caused by renal calculus, malnutrition, abnormal lipid metabolism, altered immunologic response, lymphatic blockage, congenital urinary anomalies have been implicated in the etiology of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in children.
CASE
We report an unusual case of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in a 5-year-old girl and discuss its clinical features, histopathological findings and treatment. In this article, we also emphasized the importance of diagnostic imaging in urinary tract infections which enabled us not to miss the underlying kidney stone disease.
CONCLUSION
Nephrolithiasis may lead to very serious conditions such as xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. This condition can be easily diagnosed by ultrasound, but if not detected, it can lead to complete loss of renal function as in the case.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32779427
pii: 2199
doi: 10.24953/turkjped.2020.04.024
doi:
pii:
Types de publication
Case Reports
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM