Sex Differences in Cognitive Health Among Older Adults in India.
India
cognition
sex
Journal
Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
ISSN: 1532-5415
Titre abrégé: J Am Geriatr Soc
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 7503062
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
08 2020
08 2020
Historique:
received:
04
12
2019
revised:
18
03
2020
accepted:
23
04
2020
entrez:
21
8
2020
pubmed:
21
8
2020
medline:
22
6
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
To document sex differences in late-life cognitive function and identify their early-life determinants among older Indian adults. Harmonized Diagnostic Assessment of Dementia for Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI-DAD). Individual cognitive testing in hospital or household setting across 14 states of India. Individuals aged 60 years and older from LASI-DAD (2017-2019) (N = 2,704; 53.5% female). Given the low levels of literacy and numeracy among older Indian adults, we consider two composite cognitive scores as outcome variables. Score I is based on tests that do not require literacy or numeracy, whereas score II is based on tests that require such skills. Ordinary least squares is used to estimate models featuring a progressively increasing number of covariates. We add to the baseline specification, including a sex dummy, age, and state indicators, measures of early-life socioeconomic status (SES), early-life nutrition, as proxied by knee height, and education. Across most cognitive domains, women perform significantly worse than for men: -0.4 standard deviations (SD) for score I and -0.8 SD for score II. Early-life SES, health, and education explain 90% of the gap for score I and 55% for score II. Results are similar across hospital-based and home testing. In India, lower levels of early-life human capital investments in nutrition and education among women compared with men are associated with a female disadvantage in late-life cognitive health. This has important implications for public health policy, aiming at reducing the risk of cognitive decline and dementia-a nascent concern in India. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:S20-S28, 2020.
Identifiants
pubmed: 32815603
doi: 10.1111/jgs.16732
pmc: PMC7521343
mid: NIHMS1625586
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
S20-S28Subventions
Organisme : NIA NIH HHS
ID : R01 AG051125
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIA NIH HHS
ID : RF1 AG055273
Pays : United States
Commentaires et corrections
Type : CommentIn
Type : CommentIn
Informations de copyright
© 2020 The American Geriatrics Society.
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